. Diseases of the throat and nasal passages; a guide to the diagnosis and treatment of affections of the pharynx, sophagus, trachea, larynx, and nares . the solar rays incline to the horizontal, that thebrightest source of illumination is available. When the timeof day or location of the apartment is unfavorable to utiliza-tion of the direct light of the sun, the rays may be reflected toany desired point by allowing them to impinge upon a smalltoilet mirror so arranged as to admit of being tilted obliquelyin the desired direction. The glass is placed on a convenientsupport, as a stand or mante
. Diseases of the throat and nasal passages; a guide to the diagnosis and treatment of affections of the pharynx, sophagus, trachea, larynx, and nares . the solar rays incline to the horizontal, that thebrightest source of illumination is available. When the timeof day or location of the apartment is unfavorable to utiliza-tion of the direct light of the sun, the rays may be reflected toany desired point by allowing them to impinge upon a smalltoilet mirror so arranged as to admit of being tilted obliquelyin the desired direction. The glass is placed on a convenientsupport, as a stand or mantel-piece, in such a position that itwill receive the suns rays upon its surface. A cone of lightmay thus be reflected to a convenient point of the apartment,say against a wall, and the patient be then seated so thathis mouth will intercept the bundle of rays. On opening the mouth, the pharynx will be brilliantly illu- 36 EXAMINATION OF THE THROAT AND NASAL PASSAGES. minated (Fig. 18). A small opening in the shutter of a closedwindow affords passage of the rays to the reflecting the day advances, the position selected for the patient will. Fig. IS.—Examination by reflection of solar rays (altered from iloura). have to be altered so as to correspond with the track of thesun, unless the examiner is in possession of a heliostat, or of alarge concave mirror which can be placed outside the windowso as to reflect condensed rays into the room. Sometimes aplane mirror, attached to the forehead of the observer, is usedas a reflector of direct solar light, or, as recommended by Seme-leder, of light concentrated by the concave reflector just re-ferred to. More frequently and more conveniently a concave mirror isused to reflect the diffuse daylight of the apartment. Thislaryngoscopy reflector of Czermak consists of a circular concavemirror about three and a half inches in diameter, with a focussuited to the visual power of the observer. A focus of fromeight to twelve inches can b
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectnose, bookyear1879
