. Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. insert the short proboscis intothe skin of the host is not explained. The foot claws in both familiesare conspicuously large and recurved as in the Hippoboscidae, andhave thick bases (E) like those of Melophagus ovinus. For a detailed account of the structure of the head, the mouthparts, and the sucking pump of the bat ticks, the reader is againreferred to papers by Jobling, one (1928a) on the Nycteribiidae,another (1929) on the Streblidae. In general, the feeding apparatusresembles that of the Hippoboscidae and the biting Muscidae. The 82 SMITHSONIAN M
. Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. insert the short proboscis intothe skin of the host is not explained. The foot claws in both familiesare conspicuously large and recurved as in the Hippoboscidae, andhave thick bases (E) like those of Melophagus ovinus. For a detailed account of the structure of the head, the mouthparts, and the sucking pump of the bat ticks, the reader is againreferred to papers by Jobling, one (1928a) on the Nycteribiidae,another (1929) on the Streblidae. In general, the feeding apparatusresembles that of the Hippoboscidae and the biting Muscidae. The 82 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. IO4 labium, armed with eversible labellar teeth, is the piercing organ. Insome of the Streblidae the proboscis is short, and the thecal partof the labium is bulbous and bears a pair of small labella. In otherspecies the proboscis is elongate, but the elongation results from alengthening of the labella and not of the theca. The proboscis ofthe Nycteribiidae is relatively long and slender; the theca, however,. Fig. 32.—Bat ticks. Order Diptera, families Streblidae and Nycteribiidae. A, Aspidoptera phyllostomatis (Perty), a streblid with reduced wings(length mm.) (from Speiser, 1900). B, Raymondia lobulata Speiser, wingof a fully winged streblid (from Jobling, 1930). C, Cyclopodia sykesi (Westw.),Nycteribiidae (length of body mm.). D, same, head. E, same, end of hindtarsus, and claws. H, head, projecting upward from thorax. forms only the basal bulb of the labium, the rest being the greatlyelongate labella. While it is the labium that has been modified toform the piercing organ in the bloodsucking Muscidae, Hippoboscidae,Streblidae, and Nycteribiidae, Jobling (1929) points out that it isnot the same part of the labium which has undergone this modificationin all these families. Furthermore, Jobling gives reasons for be-lieving that the resemblance of the bat ticks to the Hippoboscidaeis the result of adaptation to the same mode of life and fe
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