A dictionary of Greek and Roman . guishes organzine from tram, and in the cottonmanufacture twist from weft. Another name forthe woof or tram was poddu-q. (Horn. Batr. 181 ;Eustath. in Horn. II. xxiii. 762, Od. v. 121.) The warp was called stamen in Latin (fromstare) on account of its erect posture in the loom.(Varro, L. L. v. 113, ed. Mullen) The correspond-ing Greek term (Tttj/ucoi/ and likewise faros haveevidently the same derivation. For the same rea-son the very first operation in weaving was to setup the loom, larou (rr-qaaaOai (Horn. Od. ii. 94 ;Hesiod, Op. et Dies, 779) ;
A dictionary of Greek and Roman . guishes organzine from tram, and in the cottonmanufacture twist from weft. Another name forthe woof or tram was poddu-q. (Horn. Batr. 181 ;Eustath. in Horn. II. xxiii. 762, Od. v. 121.) The warp was called stamen in Latin (fromstare) on account of its erect posture in the loom.(Varro, L. L. v. 113, ed. Mullen) The correspond-ing Greek term (Tttj/ucoi/ and likewise faros haveevidently the same derivation. For the same rea-son the very first operation in weaving was to setup the loom, larou (rr-qaaaOai (Horn. Od. ii. 94 ;Hesiod, Op. et Dies, 779) ; and the web or cloth,before it was cut down or descended from theloom (Kare§a d(p iVraJ, Theocrit. xv. 35), wascalled vestis pendens, or pendula tela (Ovid,Met. iv. 395, Epist. i. 10), because it hung fromthe transverse beam or Jugum. These particularsare all clearly exhibited in the picture of Circesloom, which is contained in the very ancient illu-minated MS. of Virgils Aeneid preserved at Romein the Vatican Library. (See the annexed wood-. cut, and compare Acn. vii. 14 : apud majores stanfestexebant, Servius in loc.; Horn. Od. x. 222.) Al-though the upright loom here exhibited was incommon use, and employed for all ordinary pur-poses, the practice, now generally adopted, ofplacing the warp in an horizontal position was oc-casionally resorted to in ancient times ; for theupright loom [stans tela, lards opdios), the manage-ment of which required the female to stand andmove about, is opposed to another kind at whichshe sat. (Artemidor. iii. 36 ; Servius, /. c.) We observe in the preceding woodcut about themiddle of the apparatus a transverse rod passingthrough the warp. A straight cane was welladapted to be so used, and its application is clearlyexpressed by Ovid in the words * stamen secernitarundo. (Met. vi. 55.) In plain weaving it wasinserted between the threads of the warp so as todivide them into two portions, the threads on oneside of the rod alternating with those on
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