. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. . THE ISOMORPHISM AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF THE FELDSPARS.* The investigation here recorded is the first chapter in a rather com- prehensive plan for the study of the rock-forming minerals at the higher temperatures. In its broader outlines, at least, it is by no means a new plan. Mr. Clarence King and Dr. George F. Becker were inspired by a desire to reach the mineral relations from the ex- perimental side, which is recorded in the very earliest records of the U. S. Geological Survey, and much of the remarkable ground-breaking work of Prof. Ca
. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. . THE ISOMORPHISM AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF THE FELDSPARS.* The investigation here recorded is the first chapter in a rather com- prehensive plan for the study of the rock-forming minerals at the higher temperatures. In its broader outlines, at least, it is by no means a new plan. Mr. Clarence King and Dr. George F. Becker were inspired by a desire to reach the mineral relations from the ex- perimental side, which is recorded in the very earliest records of the U. S. Geological Survey, and much of the remarkable ground-breaking work of Prof. Carl Barus was undertaken in furtherance of a carefully prepared scheme of research along these lines. The matter has been advanced but little in the intervening years. The present renewal of the effort in this direction is again due to Dr. Becker and has had the benefit of his wide field experience and enthusiastic and effective cooperation throughout. In October, 1900, one of the authors was called from the Reichsan- stalt to equip a laboratory in the U. S. Geological Survey in which the exact methods and measurements of modern physics and physical chemistry should be applied to the minerals. The ultimate purpose was geological, to furnish a better basis of fact for the discussion of the larger problems of geology, but it appeared highly probable also that a quantitative study of the thermal phenomena in this class of sub- stances would offer new relations of intrinsic interest and of consider- able theoretical value. This inference has been happily substantiated quite recently through the publication by Tammann of an extended treatise on melting and crystallization,! in which he offers some very interesting speculations on the conditions of equilibrium for sub- stances above and below the melting temperature under different pressures. The behavior of crystalline minerals which melt at tem- peratures considerably higher than he was able to command offer peculiarly advantageous
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