. The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette. Architecture; Civil engineering; Science. 286 THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. [Skptkmbkr, cold hammering produce.!, as is usual, a most beautifully smooth sur- face, in which good workmen delight.), again heated to a dull red heat, and laid down to cool at its leisure; being then at temperature 60", it was placed over the edge of the anvil as before, and after receiving 105 of the most vigorous blows of the same sledge hammer as was employed in the preceding experiments, it exhibited the most extraor
. The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette. Architecture; Civil engineering; Science. 286 THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. [Skptkmbkr, cold hammering produce.!, as is usual, a most beautifully smooth sur- face, in which good workmen delight.), again heated to a dull red heat, and laid down to cool at its leisure; being then at temperature 60", it was placed over the edge of the anvil as before, and after receiving 105 of the most vigorous blows of the same sledge hammer as was employed in the preceding experiments, it exhibited the most extraordinary evidence of tenacity, by resisting all at- tempts to break it, having passed into the form as given at Fig. 2, that is, bent quite double, and the excessive dis- tention across the part B—C causing the width across at E to decrease at least I of an inch, while the compression at the centre of bending caused the ^^ metal to expand a like quantity at F G Every practical man knows that this is a most severe test of the tenacity of iron, and which the piece in question stood with the most perfect success, for even after having received 105 blows, no evidence of fracture was visible. This third experiment then brings us to this most important con- clusion, that there is no inherent evil or ill etfect produced by cold hammerin<r, hut far othenme, namely, that by subjecting wrought iron to the mos"t violent hammering or compression at a low temperature, and then submitting the iron work so treated to the simple process of heating red hot and slow cooling, that we have enhanced its tenacity or shock-sustaining qualities at least twenty times. Here, then, we eet hold of some/acts which I trust I may consider to bear with some important efifects on the treatment and use of iron, especially in the ca^e of its application to railway axles, as from their very required form the process of cold hammering and swaging is all but absolutely necessary in forging the bar of iron o
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