. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 8 PRIN-CIPLES OF THE GROWTH OF "ijZJCJL-H-Jt-JL-ii-jOCDDDl Fig. s- green pulp consists of cells of various forms, with many air spaces between. The cells are commonly placed very com- pactly together on the upper side of the leaf, and more loosely, or with air-spaces, on the lower sideâhence one reason that leaves are usually lighter- colored below. Fig. 5 is a highly magnified sec- tion of a leaf, showing the green cells, air - spaces, a
. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 8 PRIN-CIPLES OF THE GROWTH OF "ijZJCJL-H-Jt-JL-ii-jOCDDDl Fig. s- green pulp consists of cells of various forms, with many air spaces between. The cells are commonly placed very com- pactly together on the upper side of the leaf, and more loosely, or with air-spaces, on the lower sideâhence one reason that leaves are usually lighter- colored below. Fig. 5 is a highly magnified sec- tion of a leaf, showing the green cells, air - spaces, and epidermis above and below. Leaves have also breathing pores, through i\ ^ which air is absorbed, cv' V -M. Vj. I / and vapor and gases are - " ' '"â '"'"'' 'â â '' '"-' small as to require a good microscope to discover them; and they vary in different plants from 1,000 to 170,000 on a square inch of surface. The apple and pear have about 25,000 or 30,000, and the white lily about 60,000 to the square inch. They are most- ly on the lower side of the leaf. Fig. 6 represents the pores on an apple-leaf. Leaves are a con- trivance for increasing the sur- face exposed to the air and sun. Professor Gray says the Wash- ington elm at Cambridge was estimated to bear " seven million leaves, exposing a surface of 200,000 square feet, or about five acres of ; A common fully grown apple-tree has from three to five hundred thousand leaves, and the breathing pores they all contain must be more than a thousand million. The Process of Growing. Water is absorbed by the roots, carrying in weak solution many earthy salts. When it is in the plant, it is denominated. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Thomas, J. J. (John Jacob); Wood, William H. S. New York, Orange Jud
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectfruitculture, bookyea
