. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 824 OSSEOUS SYSTEM. (COMP. ANAT.) Fig. Elements of a verfebra (after Owen). encrustment of bone as to resemble a single mass; and in both the Rays and Sharks there are many more laminae enclosing the spinal canal than there are bodies of vertebrae, bony plates being developed over the junctions of vertebral centres with each other as well as in the usual situation,—a circumstance which might at first sight seem to militate against the views adopted by modern physiologists concerning the elemental constitution of th
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 824 OSSEOUS SYSTEM. (COMP. ANAT.) Fig. Elements of a verfebra (after Owen). encrustment of bone as to resemble a single mass; and in both the Rays and Sharks there are many more laminae enclosing the spinal canal than there are bodies of vertebrae, bony plates being developed over the junctions of vertebral centres with each other as well as in the usual situation,—a circumstance which might at first sight seem to militate against the views adopted by modern physiologists concerning the elemental constitution of this part of the body, but from which, in reality, no legitimate inference is deducible, seeing the extremely confused and incomplete progress of ossification in all the cartilaginous Fishes. Advancing to the osseous Fishes, such con- fusion no longer exists, and every vertebra assumes a precise form corresponding with the particular uses assigned to it in the region which it occupies. Before, however, proceed- ing further, it behoves us to resolve an isolated vertebra into the primary elements of which it may itself be made up, and then we. shall understand how all the varieties of shape pre- sented by these bones are easily obtainable by the simple exaggeration, diminution, or suppres- sion of some of the elements composing it. Geoffrey St. Hilaire was the first anatomist who pointed out the importance of thus analysing the different portions of the osseous system, and the views which were promulgated by that learned writer were generally adopted until Professor Owen, in the course of his researches concerning the composition of the skeletons of extinct British Reptiles, was led, as we think very justly, to modify considerably the views which had been previously entertained upon this subject; we cannot therefore do better than lay before the reader the conclusions deduced by Professor Owen from a very elaborate and exten- sive survey of the various forms of the skeleton. &qu
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