. Essex county, , illustrated . ical statesmen and edu-cators, during the early part of this century, was comparativelycrude. The three rs were the sole stock in trade of thefirst of the free schools, and these were imparted quite asmechanically as the craft of the tradesmen. Arithmetic was amatter of blind formulas and rules ; geography, purely descrip-tive, taxed the memory with technicalities and names; whileEnglish Grammar, introduced generally in the middle part ofthe century, with its etymology and syntax, afforcd the onlygenuine mental exercise to which pupils were subjected in thes
. Essex county, , illustrated . ical statesmen and edu-cators, during the early part of this century, was comparativelycrude. The three rs were the sole stock in trade of thefirst of the free schools, and these were imparted quite asmechanically as the craft of the tradesmen. Arithmetic was amatter of blind formulas and rules ; geography, purely descrip-tive, taxed the memory with technicalities and names; whileEnglish Grammar, introduced generally in the middle part ofthe century, with its etymology and syntax, afforcd the onlygenuine mental exercise to which pupils were subjected in theschool room. All in all, little effort was made to qualify pupilsto use theirintellectualpowers on in-dependentlines schools,during theclosing years of the cent- fj .»>.-*? Vv* ury, are ap-l)arently welladvance well de- ^^ to lead pupils to think is ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ t h e depart-ments of the graded gram- > 1^ Ai^i/J mar athematicsis to-day am a t t e r of j. n. , schooi,£commissioneh. \. ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 93 axioms and principles, and in tracing their applica-tion, the reasoning faculties are kept heathfully is physical history, which treats of the life of the inorganic, and unfolds causes andeffects, in the march of the winds, in the distribu-tion of heat and cold and of storm, and in theI devlopment of all forins of animal life. GrammarI has advanced beyond the stage of inflection and parsing, and is now aptly a language study. Inmethod and aim a great advance has been made. The limited introduction of manual training,during these last years of this present century,j shows that public school training is perhaps nowI midway in its transition state. The quickening ofI the merely preceptive faculties and that specialphysical culture which confers power for rapid andaccurate execution in the production of designs bythe excise of handicraft, are very generally attract-ing the attention of educators, and a
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookidessexcountyn, bookyear1897
