. A text-book of comparative physiology for students and practitioners of comparative (veterinary) medicine . ricle; a, auricles; r, rectum; p, pericardium; i. inner, o,outer gill; o, vestibule of organ of Bojanus, fi; f. foot; , mantle lobes. Fig. 299.—Gill of fish (perch), to illustrate relations of different blood-vessels, etc.,concerned in respiration (after Bell). A, branchial artery; B, branchial archseen in cross-section; V. branchial vein; a, V, branches of artery and vein re-spectively. widening during inspiration and narrowing during expiration,in accordance with the action of th
. A text-book of comparative physiology for students and practitioners of comparative (veterinary) medicine . ricle; a, auricles; r, rectum; p, pericardium; i. inner, o,outer gill; o, vestibule of organ of Bojanus, fi; f. foot; , mantle lobes. Fig. 299.—Gill of fish (perch), to illustrate relations of different blood-vessels, etc.,concerned in respiration (after Bell). A, branchial artery; B, branchial archseen in cross-section; V. branchial vein; a, V, branches of artery and vein re-spectively. widening during inspiration and narrowing during expiration,in accordance with the action of the muscles attached to thearytenoid cartilages, the action of which may be studied in manby means of the laryngscope. The abdominal muscles have a powerful rhythmical actionduring forced respiration, though whether they function dur- THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, 375 h\g ordinary quiet breathing is undetermined ; if at all, prob-ably but slightly. Though the removal of the external inter-costals in the dog and some other animals reveals the factthat the internal intercostals contract alternately with the dia-. IV V VI VIIVIII IX X XL XJJ f XII) XIV Fig. 300.—Diagram of scorpion, most of the appendages having been removed (afterHuxley), a, mouth; b, alimentary tract; c, anus; d, heart; e. pulmonary sac: /,position of ventral ganglionated cord; q, cerebral ganglia; T, telson. VII—XX,seventh to twentieth somite. IV, V, VI, basal joints of pedipalpi and two fol-lowing pairs of limbs. phragm, it must not be regarded as absolutely certain that suchis their action when their companion muscles are present, forNature has more ways than one of accomplishing the samepurpose—a fact that seems often to be forgotten in reasoningfrom experiments. This result, however, carries some weightwith it. Types of Respiration.—There are among mammals two prin-cipal types of breathing recognizable—the costal (thoracic) andabdominal—according as the movements of the chest or theabdomen (diaphragm)
Size: 2128px × 1175px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1890
