. A history of the United States. a geologist explored the region and reported thatthere was a mountain of this ore twenty-five miles long. Arailroad was built to the place. In the same region a coalfield larger in area than the entire state of Massachusetts wasdiscovered. An abundance of hmestone, used in making iron,was also found near by. Nature had thus marked northernAlabama as a center for iron manufacture. In 1871 a townwas founded in the heart of the new region and named Bir-mingham, after the great EngHsh manufacturing city. TheAlabama village has now become a great city with all kind
. A history of the United States. a geologist explored the region and reported thatthere was a mountain of this ore twenty-five miles long. Arailroad was built to the place. In the same region a coalfield larger in area than the entire state of Massachusetts wasdiscovered. An abundance of hmestone, used in making iron,was also found near by. Nature had thus marked northernAlabama as a center for iron manufacture. In 1871 a townwas founded in the heart of the new region and named Bir-mingham, after the great EngHsh manufacturing city. TheAlabama village has now become a great city with all kindsof manufactures. Other cities Hke Chattanooga and Knox-ville, in eastern Tennessee, have also become iron manufac-turing centers. Cotton Mills. — Midway between the regions where cottonis grown and coal is mined, mills for the manufacture ofcotton cloth have recently been built. It was cheaper tohaul the coal down the mountains than to carry the cottonall the way to the coal. Therefore at such points as Char- 478 THE NEW SOUTH. A SoLTHERN Cotton MillOther Manufactures. lotte, Columbia, and Atlanta cotton mills have been built. In1876 the South manufactured scarcely any cotton goods, oranything else. Now it produces about one-half of the cottonmanufactures of the United States. South CaroHna, once a poor state,^j^ with no other wealth than itsplantations orfarms, now hasnot only bet-ter farms butranks secondamong thestates in theproducts of itscotton thing led to another. Enter-prising men established mills to make oil and meal out of theseed of the cotton, which had formerly been wasted. Thecultivation of peanuts and their preparation for the markethas become an important industry in Virginia and NorthCarolina. Cotton-seed oil and peanut oil have many usessimilar to the oHve oil of Europe and California. It is oneof the marvels of nature that the seed of the cotton shruband of the peanut vine produce an oil like that of the fruitof the olive tree. The Appalachi
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