. The American encyclopædia of commerce, manufactures, commercial law, and finance. e debits and creditsmay be btdnnccd, or of equal amount. B., or Jieam and Scales, is a well-known instru-ment used for weighing commodities. In manufs.,delicacy of weighing is seldom so much needed asin science. An ounce of pins, a pound of silk, aton of iron, may be weighed with sufficient accu-racy for commercial purposes by the common pair of scales. Generally, a B. (Fig. 24) liastwo scales or , in one of which weii;lits areplaced to counterbalance the commodity plaee<l inthe other; and all delk
. The American encyclopædia of commerce, manufactures, commercial law, and finance. e debits and creditsmay be btdnnccd, or of equal amount. B., or Jieam and Scales, is a well-known instru-ment used for weighing commodities. In manufs.,delicacy of weighing is seldom so much needed asin science. An ounce of pins, a pound of silk, aton of iron, may be weighed with sufficient accu-racy for commercial purposes by the common pair of scales. Generally, a B. (Fig. 24) liastwo scales or , in one of which weii;lits areplaced to counterbalance the commodity plaee<l inthe other; and all delkale B. are of this form, sucha« those which will turn with one-millionth jiart ofa load. In all such B. the pivots are exquisitelyconstructed, very often steel knife-edges resting onagate. Common scales have a single seale-iian,with a movable weighted lever as a counterbal-ance. Other forniBof/i. are noticed under , .Steelyard, and Wkioiiino Ma-chine. Balance-Book, is a book in which the ad-justed accounts of debtors and creditors have beenposted from the Fig. 23—BAGiihE. Balance of Trade, is the diflerence betweenthe commerci,al exports and imports of any coun-try. A .State is said to have a favorable B. whenthe exports exceed the im|)orts, and an uiijmvrableB. in the contrary case; it being supposed thatsuch balances could not be cancelled, except bythe remittance of an equivalent amount of goldand silver, and that the money thus remitted isthe measure of the gain or loss derived by theState from foreign trade. In order chiefly tobring about the desirable result of a favorablebalance, restrictions and prohibiiions were formany years imposed in England, France, andother European countries on the ofnearly all commodities except Imllidii, while onthe other hand bounties were granted on exjxirta-tions. The selfish principle that what is gainedby one nation is lost by another, has been aban-doned by England and France, but is still to thi
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, bookpublisherbostonesteslauriat
