. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 210 A. Townsend Peterson & Adolfo G. Navarro-Siguenza lar regions, perhaps a home state, or an area of partic- ular interest to the curator. In this way, efforts in geo- referencing have a direct return for a particular inves- tigator or institution, and add to the community pool of georeferenced information. Detecting Errors in Date and Locality Once specimen data are integrated, and have been geo- referenced, further data refinements are possible. A common
. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. 210 A. Townsend Peterson & Adolfo G. Navarro-Siguenza lar regions, perhaps a home state, or an area of partic- ular interest to the curator. In this way, efforts in geo- referencing have a direct return for a particular inves- tigator or institution, and add to the community pool of georeferenced information. Detecting Errors in Date and Locality Once specimen data are integrated, and have been geo- referenced, further data refinements are possible. A common question is that of the relative reliability of the data associated with specimens from different col- lectors (BiNFORD 1989). Because of the fragmented and dispersed nature of collector's material it has always been out of reach before. For instance, the still- living collector and omithologist Robert W. Dicker- man has deposited specimens at 14 of the 32 museums included in our present summary; the early twentieth century collector Wilmot W. Brown has specimens distributed across 23 of the 32 museums. Once these data are pooled, however, new insights become possi- ble regarding collectors' relative Fig. 3: Maps of collecting localities for two contrasting groups of collectors in Mexico: a Museo de Zoología, UN AM (MZFC) expedition in Spring 1991, and the collec- tions of Mario del Toro Áviles in June 1949. Organized by collections date, consistencies and inconsistencies of spec- imen labeling become clear. Basically, by assembling the entire opus of a collector, and sorting specimen locality by collecting date, it is possible to assess how geographically reasonable the combination of dates and localities is. Hence, to pres- ent a contrasting pair of examples, a Museo de Zoología, UNAM, expedition in 1991 scouted numer- ous sites in central and eastern Oaxaca (Fig. 3, top); although its route was complex, specimens from par- ticular localities were clumped i
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