. Distribution and abundance of winter populations of bald eagles in Illinois. Bald eagle. linois Natural History Survey Biological Notes Table 7.—Bald eagle mortality in Illinois, 1963-1984 (National Wildlife Health Laboratory 1985). Numberof Percent Cause of Death Mortalities ofTotal Gunshot 11 Trauma (excluding gunshot, electrocution, and trapping) 6 Poisoning 6 Lead 4 Other 2 Electrocution 3 Emaciation 1 Trapping 1 Other. ^ Decomposed,'' Open' 8 "Death attributed to some cause other than those listed. ''Carcass too badly decomposed for diagnosi
. Distribution and abundance of winter populations of bald eagles in Illinois. Bald eagle. linois Natural History Survey Biological Notes Table 7.—Bald eagle mortality in Illinois, 1963-1984 (National Wildlife Health Laboratory 1985). Numberof Percent Cause of Death Mortalities ofTotal Gunshot 11 Trauma (excluding gunshot, electrocution, and trapping) 6 Poisoning 6 Lead 4 Other 2 Electrocution 3 Emaciation 1 Trapping 1 Other. ^ Decomposed,'' Open' 8 "Death attributed to some cause other than those listed. ''Carcass too badly decomposed for diagnosis. ' No apparent cause of death could be determined from necropsy examination and ancillary laboratory analyses. were victims of secondary lead poisoning (Table 7). Waterfowl, especially crippled and dead birds, are a primary food item for bald eagles in some areas. Sev- eral species of waterfowl have been identified as food items for bald eagles in Illinois (Jonen 1973, Fischer 1982, Harper 1983, Sabine & Klimstra 1985). Feeding on waterfowl carcasses was usually accomplished by tearing the duck or goose apart with the beak while standing on the carcass (Fig. 30) (Sabine & Klimstra 1985). The growing problem of secondary lead poisoning in eagles resulted in the requirement that nontoxic (steel) shot be used for waterfowl hunting in 10 Illinois counties in 1985. The prohibition of lead shot was expanded to 22 counties for the 1986 waterfowl season ( Dept. of Interior 1986). IDOC modified the non- toxic shot zones for the 1986 waterfowl season to in- clude primarily those areas that are used extensively by waterfowl and bald eagles (W. Anderson, personal communication 1986). This modification resulted in the prohibition of the use of lead shot for sport hunt- ing of waterfowl in corridors along the Illinois and Mississippi rivers and in five entire counties, and in part of the Rend Lake area (Fig. 31). This corridor approach is supported by the findings of Havera a
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