. Biophysics: concepts and mechanisms. Biophysics. unshared electron. protein protein Indirect action Direct action Figure 9-5. Indirect versus Target Action of Ionizing Radiations. Effects on Some Biological Molecules In his recent book, Swallow" has collected the known effects of X irradia- tion of hundreds of compounds of biological interest. For instance, the im- portant generalization exists that reactive peroxides are formed from all the biologically active amino acids in solution. In addition, the molecular prod- ucts of irradiated water solutions are H2, H202 and 02, each of which
. Biophysics: concepts and mechanisms. Biophysics. unshared electron. protein protein Indirect action Direct action Figure 9-5. Indirect versus Target Action of Ionizing Radiations. Effects on Some Biological Molecules In his recent book, Swallow" has collected the known effects of X irradia- tion of hundreds of compounds of biological interest. For instance, the im- portant generalization exists that reactive peroxides are formed from all the biologically active amino acids in solution. In addition, the molecular prod- ucts of irradiated water solutions are H2, H202 and 02, each of which, and especially H202, can exert its chemistry on the solutes present. The results are easy to state in general, difficult to state in detail, in all but the simplest cases. In general, new molecules can be produced from the old ones (plus water), and these new ones may exert catalytic, toxic, or no effect on the metabolic processes in the vicinity in which they are produced or to which they are carried by blood and lymph. In particular, the ab- sorbed radiation is known to reduce the catalytic activity of many enzymes, and to alter their molecular weights and other physical properties. Large molecules (Figure 9-6) can be broken into many parts, or can be cross-linked through new hydrogen bonds or through the oxidation of two —SH groups by H202, for example, to form an —S—S— bond, with distortion of the molecule. One of the most intensely studied molecules from this point of view is the nucleic acid, desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). It is thought (the reasons were given in Chapter 6) to be the main carrier of hereditary information in the living system, and hence one that should not be tampered with in human. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Casey, Edmund Jeremiah, 1924-. New York, Reinho
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