. Electric railway journal . drate of depreciation ofequipment, it is a fun-damental element inshop, labor and mainte-nance costs, and analy-sis and study warrant the statement that it is one of themost important operating factors in the railway indus-try, yet has received the least attention of railwayexecutives. The first cost and the quantity of lubricants used inthe railway industry are difficult to determine; thefollowing table shows an estimate for the yearly con-sumption and cost for the 90,000 motor cars and pas-senger trailers on electric railways in this country: Lubricant Quantity C
. Electric railway journal . drate of depreciation ofequipment, it is a fun-damental element inshop, labor and mainte-nance costs, and analy-sis and study warrant the statement that it is one of themost important operating factors in the railway indus-try, yet has received the least attention of railwayexecutives. The first cost and the quantity of lubricants used inthe railway industry are difficult to determine; thefollowing table shows an estimate for the yearly con-sumption and cost for the 90,000 motor cars and pas-senger trailers on electric railways in this country: Lubricant Quantity Cost Motor and compressor oil 1,600,000 gal. $650,000 Gear grease or compound 600,000 1b. 265,000 Cup grease 150,000 1b. 15,000 Other lubricants gal. 100,000 In 1920 the United States consumed over 500,000,000bbl. of crude oil, so the railway consumption representsonly about of 1 per cent of the total oil consump-tion and a still smaller percentage of the total quan-tity of lubricants used by the country. The cost. FIG. 1—OIL MOVES WITHROTATING SHAFT The rotating shaft tends to ro-tate the oil against the action ofthe bearing load. these lubricants is not in excess of of 1 per cent ofthe gross operating expenses of the industry. In quantity and in cost, therefore, compared to na-tional consumption and to other operating expenses, theitem of lubrication is infinitesimal and not worthy ofconsideration. It is only because of the associatedthough intangible effects of lubrication on maintenance,service and operating methods that it is of importanceand of interest to electric railway men. Seemingly lubrication resolves itself into divisionsrelating to sale, purchase, storage and filling, systemsof organization for oiling and packing and recordsand statistics to determine costs. Involved with theseitems from the standpoint of the railway operator areitems such as reliability of service, cost of equipment,maintenance in relation to the cost of lubrication, effectof lu
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