. Fungi; their nature and uses. Fungi. whence they spring. In the best known species, Tilletia caries, they constitute the " bunt" of wheat. The peculiarities of germination will be alluded to hereafter. In Ustilago, the minute sooty spores are developed either on delicate threads or in compacted cells, arising first from a sort of semi-gelati- nous, grumous stroma. It is very difficult to detect any threads associated with the spores. The species attack the flowers and anthers of composite and polygonaceous plants, the leaves, culms, and germen of grasses, &c, and are popularly
. Fungi; their nature and uses. Fungi. whence they spring. In the best known species, Tilletia caries, they constitute the " bunt" of wheat. The peculiarities of germination will be alluded to hereafter. In Ustilago, the minute sooty spores are developed either on delicate threads or in compacted cells, arising first from a sort of semi-gelati- nous, grumous stroma. It is very difficult to detect any threads associated with the spores. The species attack the flowers and anthers of composite and polygonaceous plants, the leaves, culms, and germen of grasses, &c, and are popularly known as " ; In Urocystis and Theeaphora, the spores are united together into sub-globose bodies, form- ing a kind of compound spore. In some species of Urocystis, the union which subsists between them is com- paratively slight. In Thecaphora, on the contrary, the complex spore, or agglomeration of spores, is compact, FlG- 23--J''*°™ hyalina. being at first apparently enclosed in a delicate cyst. In Tubur- cinia, the minute cells are compacted into a hollow sphere, having lacunse communicating with the interior, and often exhi- biting the remains of a pedicel. j3Scidiacei.—This group differs from the foregoing three groups prominently in the presence of a cellular peridium, which encloses the spores ; hence some mycologists have not hesitated to propose their association with the Gasteromycetes, although every other /_>-^i^C^jrC3v feature in their structure seems to indicate a close affinity with the Casomacei. The pretty cups in the genus JEcidiwm are sometimes scat- tered and sometimes collected in clus- ters, either with spermogonia in the centre or on the opposite surface. The cups are usually white, composed of regularly arranged bordered cells at length bursting at the apex, with the margins turned back and split into radiating teeth. The spores are commonly of a bright orange or golden yellow, sometimes white or brownish, and are produced in chain
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