A dictionary of Greek and Roman . mposed of a semicylindrical andoblong arch like the Camera, but differs from it inconstruction, consisting entirely of stone or brick,whereas the other was formed upon a frame-workof wood, like the skeleton of a ship (Sallust,Jugurih. 18 ; Suet. Nero, 34 ; Camera) ; both ofwhich methods appear to have been sometimesunited, as in the roof of the Tullianum, describedby Sallust (Cat. 55), where the ribs of the Camerawere strengthened by alternate courses of stonearches.* From the roof alone, the same word came tosignify the chamber itself, in which
A dictionary of Greek and Roman . mposed of a semicylindrical andoblong arch like the Camera, but differs from it inconstruction, consisting entirely of stone or brick,whereas the other was formed upon a frame-workof wood, like the skeleton of a ship (Sallust,Jugurih. 18 ; Suet. Nero, 34 ; Camera) ; both ofwhich methods appear to have been sometimesunited, as in the roof of the Tullianum, describedby Sallust (Cat. 55), where the ribs of the Camerawere strengthened by alternate courses of stonearches.* From the roof alone, the same word came tosignify the chamber itself, in which sense it de-signates a long narrow vault, covered by an archof brick or masonry (tectum fornicatum), similar tothose which occupy the ground floors of the modernRoman palaces. Three such cells are representedin the annexed woodcut, from the remains of avilla at Mola di Gaieta, which passes for the For-mian Villa of Cicero. They are covered internallywith a coating of stucco, tastily ornamented, andpainted in streaks of azure, pink, and Being small and dark, and situated upon thelevel of the street, these vaults were occupied byprostitutes (Hor. Sat. i. 2. 30 ; Juv. Sat. iii. 156 ;xi. 171 ; compare Suet. Jul. 49), whence comesthe meaning of the word fornicatio in the eccle-siastical writers, and its English derivation. Fornix is also a sallyport in the walls ( 23 ; compare xliv. 11) ; a triumphal arch(Cic. De Orat. ii. 66) ; and a street in Rome, whichled to the Campus Martins, was called Via For-nicata (Liv. xxii. 36), probably on account of thetriumphal arches built across it. [A. R.] FORUM. As the plan of the present workdoes not include a topographical description of thevarious fora at Rome, the following article onlycontains a brief statement of the purposes whichthey served. Forum, originally, signifies an open place (area)before any building, especially before a sepulcrum(Festus, s. v. ; Cic. De Leg. ii. 24), and seems,therefore, etymologically to be co
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