. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin , Washington, , 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. 38 BULLETIN 1037, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. per cent borax and boric acid, per cent sulphur plus per cent lime, per cent mercuric chlorid plus per cent hydrochloric acid, 10 per cent potassium (alum), and per cent phenol salicylate. He concludes that of these substances, 5 to 10 per cent sodium bicarbonate is the safest and best to use. In nearly all the cases cited the antiseptics proved to be of some value in preventing the growths of the sap-st
. [Bulletins on forest pathology : from Bulletin , Washington, , 1913-1925]. Trees; Plant diseases. 38 BULLETIN 1037, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. per cent borax and boric acid, per cent sulphur plus per cent lime, per cent mercuric chlorid plus per cent hydrochloric acid, 10 per cent potassium (alum), and per cent phenol salicylate. He concludes that of these substances, 5 to 10 per cent sodium bicarbonate is the safest and best to use. In nearly all the cases cited the antiseptics proved to be of some value in preventing the growths of the sap-stain fungus. Molds, however, are extremely resistant to chemical treatment and con- sequently are difficult to control. To quote from Lafar (28) : " Whether the waterproof character of some cell membranes, e. g., the conidia of Penicillium and Aspergillus, should be attributed to. Fig. 17.—Barrels and steam-coil connections as used in the experimental dipping of red-oak spokes at one of the large spoke mills in the South. the deposition of excreted fatty or waxy substances must be left undetermined. Biologically this phenomenon is important, since it prevents the penetration of toxic substances from the aqueous medium and thereby also opposes the attempts of the mycologist to kill such fungi by means of aqueous toxic ; Since, as has been stated repeatedly, molds develop largely on the surface of the timber and are sufficiently removed during the several finishing proc- esses to which the timber is sooner or later subjected, their presence in most cases should occasion but little concern in connection with vehicle stock. EXPERIMENTAL DIPPING OF RED-OAK SPOKES. DIPPING. In July, 1918, several series of experiments were performed by the writer in cooperation with one of the large spoke mills of the. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these ill
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