. [Fruit culture]. The appearance ofa vine at this stage is shown in Fig. 17 ih). The followingyear the two spurs are allowed to produce growth and theresulting canes are again cut back to spurs and all of themallowed to remain if the vine is strong. The appearance of a §14 GRAPE CULTURE 43 vine at this stage is shov^m in Fig. 17 (c). Thus a vine,under ordinary conditions, consists, at the beginning of thefom-th year after planting, of a trunk from which spring fouror five arms, on each of which a cane has been cut back toa spur of from one to four buds. When the vine is pruned thefollo-v^ong
. [Fruit culture]. The appearance ofa vine at this stage is shown in Fig. 17 ih). The followingyear the two spurs are allowed to produce growth and theresulting canes are again cut back to spurs and all of themallowed to remain if the vine is strong. The appearance of a §14 GRAPE CULTURE 43 vine at this stage is shov^m in Fig. 17 (c). Thus a vine,under ordinary conditions, consists, at the beginning of thefom-th year after planting, of a trunk from which spring fouror five arms, on each of which a cane has been cut back toa spur of from one to four buds. When the vine is pruned thefollo-v^ong winter, all or nearly all of the canes that have grownfrom the spurs are entirely removed. The spurs of the lastseason are cut off just outside the inner canes, which are cutback to spurs. The pruning each winter after this is to pro-mote a regular system of spur renewal. As the vines becomeolder and stronger and can stand more cropping, more spursare left to increase the fruiting capacity of the plant. ?-> jip. Fig. 17 In the course of time the arms of the respective spurs arerenewed, and entirely new arms and spurs are grown. In thecase of some varieties in which the lower buds are not suf-ficiently productive, the length of the spurs should be increasedand each spur allowed to have four or even five buds. Sometimes two or more trunks are allowed to come from thesame root; this is very undesirable, as it increases the cost ofpnining and has no compensating advantage. When from5 to 8 years old, a vine does not need the support of a stake,consequently this may be removed. 55. The long-pruning systena is used for strong-grOw-ing varieties such as Thompsons Seedless and the Sultana. 44 GRAPE CULTURE 14 Thompsons Seedless variety does best when trellised as shownin Fig. 18. This is a modification of what is known as theGuyot system of pruning, and is not only theoretically cor-rect, but is easy to explain to pruners. The horizontal posi-tion of the canes has a tendency to prom
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecad, booksubjectfruitculture, bookyear1912
