. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . and tapering base. On the flattened inner sidethey are prickly. Fruits of other species are shown in Fig. 126. HISTOLOGY. The Pericarp consists of four layers: (i) The epicarp of yellow-browncells extended into papilke; (2) parenchyma forming a single layer oftangentially elongated cells of a yellow-brown color; (3) crjstal cells(100 ,u) with dark-brown walls; (4) sclerenchyma fibers for the mostpart longitudinally extended in the outer, transversely in the inner layers.
. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . and tapering base. On the flattened inner sidethey are prickly. Fruits of other species are shown in Fig. 126. HISTOLOGY. The Pericarp consists of four layers: (i) The epicarp of yellow-browncells extended into papilke; (2) parenchyma forming a single layer oftangentially elongated cells of a yellow-brown color; (3) crjstal cells(100 ,u) with dark-brown walls; (4) sclerenchyma fibers for the mostpart longitudinally extended in the outer, transversely in the inner layers. 154 IVEED SEEDS. Spermoderm. (i) The outer layer has detached, rounded, trans-versely elongated, thick-walled cells; (2) the inner layer, longitudinallyelongated, closely united cells with porous walls. Perisperm. This consists of more or less quadri-lateral cells with thick, porous walls and granularcontents. Endosperm. The cells are thick walled (up to9 /<) and contain aleurone grains embedded in fat. BIBLIOGRAPHY. See General Bibliography, pp. 671-674: Harz (18); Villierset Collin (42). Also see Senft, loc. ADONIS FRUIT. Fig. 125. Field But-tercup (Rauitiiciiliisarvrnsis). Seed, nat-ural size and en- The compound fruits of Adonis aestivalis L. andA. Flammca L. consist of numerous one-seeded, beaked achenes. The Pericarp tissues are: (i) an epicarp made up of polygonal cellswith striated cuticle and stomata; (2) a parenchyma tissue of severalobliterated layers containing small oxalate crystal clusters; (3) an outerendocarp of several layers of large, strongly thickened sclcrenchymacells, many of which contain cr}-stals; and (4) an inner layer of trans-versely elongated fibers. I II III
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