. Urinary analysis and diagnosis by microscopical and chemical examination. mper-ature; if colder, one-third of a urinometer degree should be subtractedfor each degree of urine temperature. A temperature scale is found onmany urinometers, or a thermometer is supplied with the instrument.*More accurate methods for determining the specific gravity are thepyknometer and the Mohr-Westphal balance. The latter is useful onlyin more exact work. With the pyknometer exact estimations can alsobe obtained. Many different types of this instrument are used, but asimple one is shown in Fig. 7. This is a fla
. Urinary analysis and diagnosis by microscopical and chemical examination. mper-ature; if colder, one-third of a urinometer degree should be subtractedfor each degree of urine temperature. A temperature scale is found onmany urinometers, or a thermometer is supplied with the instrument.*More accurate methods for determining the specific gravity are thepyknometer and the Mohr-Westphal balance. The latter is useful onlyin more exact work. With the pyknometer exact estimations can alsobe obtained. Many different types of this instrument are used, but asimple one is shown in Fig. 7. This is a flask with a long neck that isdrawn out in one place; at the narrowest point is a mark; the flask isclosed with a ground-glass stopper. The flask is first filled with distilledwater to the mark and weighed; it is then filled with the filtered urine to * S(|uil>l)s urinometers, which are used considerably in this country, are stan-dardized at ° C. or ° F., a more convenient temperature for clinical work. Fig. 6.—Urinometer. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES. 19. F]G. 7.—Ptkno- METER. the mark and weighed again. The weight of the urine divided by theweight of the water gives the specific gravity. It is very important thatthe temperature of the water and that of the urineshould be exactly alike when the pyknometer is filledand when it is weighed * Determination of Solids.—To determine the amountof solids present in the urine voided during twenty-fourhours, for practical work, the exact quantity passedduring this time, as well as its specific gravity, mustbe known. The specific gravity is directly dependentupon the amount of solids in solution, a diminution of theisolids giving a lower, an increase a higher, specific gravity. For clinical purposes the amount of total solidsvoided can be approximately determined by multiply-ing the last two figures of the specific gravity by thecoefficient of Haeser, which is ; this gives the num-ber of grams of solid matter in 1,
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjecturine, bookyear1906
