. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. SAXIFRAGEAE 413 981. L. (Sprengel,',' pp. 166-73; Hoppe's 'Bot. Taschenbuch,' Regensburg, 1803, Nachschrift, p. 181; Delpino, ' Ult. Oss.,' p. 168 ; Henn. Miiller, ' Fertilisation,' pp. 247-8,' Alpenblumen,' pp. 11 i-i 3 ; Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, pp. 209, 213, 249, 251, 307 ; Verhoeff, 'B!. u. Insekt. d. Ins. Norderney'; Knuth, 'Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' pp. 34-5, 150, ' Bluten- biol. Notizen.')—
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. SAXIFRAGEAE 413 981. L. (Sprengel,',' pp. 166-73; Hoppe's 'Bot. Taschenbuch,' Regensburg, 1803, Nachschrift, p. 181; Delpino, ' Ult. Oss.,' p. 168 ; Henn. Miiller, ' Fertilisation,' pp. 247-8,' Alpenblumen,' pp. 11 i-i 3 ; Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, pp. 209, 213, 249, 251, 307 ; Verhoeff, 'B!. u. Insekt. d. Ins. Norderney'; Knuth, 'Bl. u. Insekt. a. d. nordfr. Ins.,' pp. 34-5, 150, ' Bluten- biol. Notizen.')—This species bears protandrous deceptive flowers. Their mechanism was very fully described by Sprengel, but he remained in doubt as to whether they were day or night flowers. Since Sprengel's time this most interesting flower has been studied by Ritter, Hermann Miiller, and others, and we are particularly indebted to Miiller for an explanation of the significance of its individual parts. The five white petals are furrowed by colourless veins, and in front of them there are five characteristic yellow-green organs, the staminodes, each of which possesses a short broad stalk that expands into a disk bearing 7-13 or even as many as 25 stalked glands, serving to attract insects. Some nectar is secreted on either side the insertion of the stalk. When the flower opens the anthers are still. Fig. 134. Parjiassia palustris^ L. (after Herm. Miiller). A. Flower after removal of three sepals and four petals, seen from above, immediately after opening. One stamen has lengthened, and its anther lies upon the middle of the pistil, the stigma being still immature. This stamen is beginning to dehisce, and to cover its upwardly directed outer surface with pollen. B. FloR-er after removal of calyx, corolla, and staminodes. Four stamens have already shed their pollen and curved back ; the fifth, which is covered above with pollen, lies upon the still immature pistil. C The same flower in the sec
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