. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. a b Fig. 9.—Nine-spotted lady-beetle (Coccinella 9-notata): a, Adult; b, Much enlarged. (From Chit- tenden.) The invertebrate enemies are divided between native species and those imported from Italy, the native being largely predaceous and the foreign all parasitic. Besides these, there are two fungous enemies, both of which affect the insect to a greater or less degree. Invertebrates . When a foreign species, like the alfalfa weevil, is introduced into a new country, some time is required for the native i
. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. a b Fig. 9.—Nine-spotted lady-beetle (Coccinella 9-notata): a, Adult; b, Much enlarged. (From Chit- tenden.) The invertebrate enemies are divided between native species and those imported from Italy, the native being largely predaceous and the foreign all parasitic. Besides these, there are two fungous enemies, both of which affect the insect to a greater or less degree. Invertebrates . When a foreign species, like the alfalfa weevil, is introduced into a new country, some time is required for the native insects to find out that it is suitable for food, pre- cisely as man himself would under the same circumstances have to learn what products of a new country were edible. Besides, he would most likely cultivate a taste for some of these things which at first were distasteful to him. Thus it is that native insect foes of in- troduced species begin slowly at first to prey upon them. The following native pre- daceous insects have been found attacking and devouring the alfalfa weevil: PREDACEOUS ENEMIES. A species of tiger-beetles, Cicindela imperfecta Lee, was in one instance observed to feed upon an alfalfa weevil larva in the field. Several other indi- viduals belonging to the same species when taken to the laboratory readily devoured larvae. Three species of lady-beetles, Coc- cinella 9-notata, Hbst. (^.g. 9),Hip- podamia spuria Lee, and II. con- vergens Guer. (fig. 10), in the larval stage attacked and devoured half-grown larvae of the alfalfa weevil in the fields. Larvae so taken were brought into the laboratory and adults reared, from which specific determina- tions were made. In case of H. spuria the adult was also observed devouring larvae in the field. The malachid beetle, Collops bipunctatus (fig. 11), was repeatedly observed feeding upon the weevil larvae in the a b ^r c Fig. 10.—Convergent lady-beetle (Hippodamia convergens): a, Adult; 6, pupa; c, larva. Enl
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