. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 538 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES automatic self-pollination easily takes place. Schulz says that the corolla-tube of hermaphrodite flowers is 2^-31 mm. long. Autumn flowers are self-fertilized, and do not open. Schulz also observed gynomonoecism. Kirchner found the hermaphrodite flowers to be homogamous. Visitors.—Herm. Muller supposed small Lepidoptera to be the poUinators of the flowers, but these have not yet been observed, and the visitors of the inconspic
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 538 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES automatic self-pollination easily takes place. Schulz says that the corolla-tube of hermaphrodite flowers is 2^-31 mm. long. Autumn flowers are self-fertilized, and do not open. Schulz also observed gynomonoecism. Kirchner found the hermaphrodite flowers to be homogamous. Visitors.—Herm. Muller supposed small Lepidoptera to be the poUinators of the flowers, but these have not yet been observed, and the visitors of the inconspicuous flowers are very few in number. Kirchner was fortunate enough to observe the following.— A. Diptera. {a) Syrphidae: i. Eristalis tenax Z., freq.; 2. Platycheirus scutatus Mg., do. (1)) Muscidae: 3. Siphona cristata F.; 4. Caenosia sp.; 5. Chlorops sp. B. Hymenoptera. Apidae: 6. Bombus agrorum F. C. Hemiptera. 7. Calocoris seticornis F. 394. Asperula L. Flowers white, reddish, 3'ellow, or blue in colour; arranged in cymose inflorescences; belonging to class C, or more rarely to L. 1232. A. cynanchica L. (Herm. Muller,'Fertilisation,' pp. 302-3, 'Weit. Beob.,' Ill, pp. 72-3 ; Kerner, ' Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, p. 201 ; Schulz, ' Beitrage,' I, p. 65; Loew, 'Bliitenbiol. Floristik.,' p. 394.)—The flowers are white or reddish '#'" \. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Knuth, Paul, 1854-1899; Knuth, Paul, 1854-1899; Mu?ller, Hermann, 1829-1883; Ainsworth Davis, J. R. (James Richard), 1861-1934. Oxford : Clarendon Press
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