Ontario Sessional Papers, 1897, . eady red-hot coals are inserted between the polesand the pile. When the tire has caught, which is seen by the smoke, the hole isstopped up, and other holes three or four inches in diameter are made in frontabout fifteen inches from the ground. The portion of the pile between these nowbegins to draw whilst the upper and thicker part is sweating. When blue smokeescapes the process is drawing to a close ; the openings are then stopped andfresh ones made higher up, and so on throughout the pile. When the process hasadvanced to about the length of the logs
Ontario Sessional Papers, 1897, . eady red-hot coals are inserted between the polesand the pile. When the tire has caught, which is seen by the smoke, the hole isstopped up, and other holes three or four inches in diameter are made in frontabout fifteen inches from the ground. The portion of the pile between these nowbegins to draw whilst the upper and thicker part is sweating. When blue smokeescapes the process is drawing to a close ; the openings are then stopped andfresh ones made higher up, and so on throughout the pile. When the process hasadvanced to about the length of the logs the first portions of charcoal are drawnout. It is sometimes the practice to split the logs and place them parallel withthe sides of the pile, by which arrangement the carbonization is more readilydiffused and fewer openings are required. These long masses or piles are bettersuited for condensing arrangements, and the best proposition is to place a tube inthe coating at the thicker end which shall conduct the vapors to a vessel of Fig. 4. When it is not necessary to change the spot for the heap, the station may bewalled round, a dry flat space pitched upon, having a slight declivity made in theground toward the centre, Fig. 4, the lowest part of which is connected with achannel leading to a pit in which tar and pyroligneous acid may be this space the tarry acid will partially fall and be conducted through a cov-ered gutter beneath into a covered tank. The mouth of the tank must be shutduring the cooking with an iron or stone slab luted with clay. A square ironplate is placed over the inner orifice of the gutter to prevent it being choked withcoal ashes. Fig. 4 represents a walled station ; a, the station; h, the gutter ; c,the tank, which is covered with the slab d : e, e, a slab which serves to keep thegutter clear of coals. The cover of the heap on a walled station is formed of•earth, sand, ashes, or such other matter as may be most readily found in
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