. Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy : with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray . nig. 199.—Skiagraph of groups of gall stones. to demonstrate this fact, the author prepared nineteen groups ofgall stones as seen in Fig. 198. This picture shows the stones abouthalf their normal size. It is introduced to show the relative size X-RAY IN GALL AND KIDNEY STONES 381 and external appearance of the different stones. While the stonesdiffer widely in size and shape, the picture furnishes no idea oftheir density or quality
. Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy : with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray . nig. 199.—Skiagraph of groups of gall stones. to demonstrate this fact, the author prepared nineteen groups ofgall stones as seen in Fig. 198. This picture shows the stones abouthalf their normal size. It is introduced to show the relative size X-RAY IN GALL AND KIDNEY STONES 381 and external appearance of the different stones. While the stonesdiffer widely in size and shape, the picture furnishes no idea oftheir density or quality to absorb the rays; in fact, from theirvisual appearance we would naturally suppose that one groupwould make as dense shadows on the plate as another. Group 9is two pieces of common chalk used as a control. In order to determine the relative density of these stones, the. Fig. 200.—Stone shown impacted in the right ureter. author conceived the idea of exposing the groups as they lay on thecard to the rays of a low vacuum tube. The card containing thestones in the order shown was placed on a 5x7 sensitized plate inthe usual way. The x-ray tube was placed 12 inches above theplate and directly over its center, where the plate and stones weregiven one-second exposure and the plate developed. Fig. 199 is a 382 PRACTICAL ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS AND X-RAY THERAPY skiagraph thus made, and clearly shows the value of the experi-ment. Groups 2, 8, and 11 are about the same density as the piecesof chalk in group 9, while some of the other stones hardly make ashadow. The denser of these stones would make a very goodshadow if skiagraphed through a medium-sized subject, while theless dense stones could not be shown at all through the thinnestpatient. To those unfamiliar with the possibilities of the x-rays
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Keywords: ., boo, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjecteye, bookyear1912
