. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. S(, W. L. RYAN AND E. A. HEMM1NGSEN id in £3 J * UJ L 100 75 50 25 -25 -50. P IN ATM in in in in in in in H d *H H d d H (VI (VI (VI (U (VI (VI (VI DEVELOPMENTAL FERTILIZED STAGE EGGS inininoooomooo ni(U(vi(vi(U(vi(vi(vi(viai(vi % % % » * * i » BLASTULA o o in in in in oi Hi o o m d *i n [\J c\J H H GASTRULA in in o o GD 01 0) 01 rl H rl rl o o in in in oi m n n r^ H d d H d 35-HR 50-HR Sl-HR PLUTEI-> Figure 2. Comparison of damage inflicted on sea urchin eggs and early development stages b\ either fast or slow decompress
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. S(, W. L. RYAN AND E. A. HEMM1NGSEN id in £3 J * UJ L 100 75 50 25 -25 -50. P IN ATM in in in in in in in H d *H H d d H (VI (VI (VI (U (VI (VI (VI DEVELOPMENTAL FERTILIZED STAGE EGGS inininoooomooo ni(U(vi(vi(U(vi(vi(vi(viai(vi % % % » * * i » BLASTULA o o in in in in oi Hi o o m d *i n [\J c\J H H GASTRULA in in o o GD 01 0) 01 rl H rl rl o o in in in oi m n n r^ H d d H d 35-HR 50-HR Sl-HR PLUTEI-> Figure 2. Comparison of damage inflicted on sea urchin eggs and early development stages b\ either fast or slow decompressions. The percent damage sustained during a last decompression tnal minus the percent damage of a slow decompression trial is plotted as the differential percent damage. A paired fast and slow decompression were performed on a sample from the same stock culture and equilibrated to the same final pressure. The decompression rate for the slow experiments was 50 atm e\ery 10 minutes except for those bars marked with an asterisk (*) in which the slow decompression rate was 100 atm every 10 minutes. were found in all developmental stages, but the fre- quency of their occurrence varied with the type of gas used, method of agitation, level of gas supersaturation. and stage of development (Table I). The minimum gas supersaturation required for bubble formation was 155 atm argon for plutei. but went as high as 250 atm nitro- gen for fertilized eggs. Multiple internal bubbles were ob- served exclusively in eggs and then only when nitrogen was used: no more than three bubbles per egg were ever observed. The level of gas supersaturation required for damage generally decreased as the embryos developed (Fig. 1). With either argon or nitrogen the threshold decreased as the eggs developed into the blastula or gastrula stage, then increased slightly before consistently decreasing through the pluteus stages. The overall damage threshold was 20 to 50 atm higher when nitrogen gas was used in pl
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
