Elementary treatise on electric batteries . Fig. 10. produced by the smaller one, as the deflections of theneedle show. But if these two cells be opposed to eachother, the effect of one is counterbalanced by the effectof the other, and no current flows through the conclusion of this capital experiment is that theelectromotive force of lattery cells does not depend ujpontheir dimensions. The above experiment may be slightly modified. Whencells of equal dimensions are opposed to each other, there 30 SINGLE-LIQUID BATTEKIES. is no deflection of the galvanometric needle. You maylift up
Elementary treatise on electric batteries . Fig. 10. produced by the smaller one, as the deflections of theneedle show. But if these two cells be opposed to eachother, the effect of one is counterbalanced by the effectof the other, and no current flows through the conclusion of this capital experiment is that theelectromotive force of lattery cells does not depend ujpontheir dimensions. The above experiment may be slightly modified. Whencells of equal dimensions are opposed to each other, there 30 SINGLE-LIQUID BATTEKIES. is no deflection of the galvanometric needle. You maylift up the zinc or the copper of one of the cells, or eventhe zinc and copper together of one of the cells; youmay, in a word, increase or diminish the immersed partof the electrodes of one of the cells, and still there willbe no deflection of the needle, and the electro-motiveforces remain equal. To elucidate still further this subject, we will presenta few more Fig. 11. Place two cells in opposition to each other, the onesimilar to those of which we have spoken (zinc, copper,and dilute sulphuric acid), and the other differing butslightly in appearance (iron, copper, and dilute sulphuricacid). The difference is the substitution in the secondof iron for zinc. A first trial will show that the copperis the positive pole in the second cell as in the first; thatis, the current flows from the copper to the iron in the GENERAL REMARKS UPON BATTERIES. 31 second, as it does from the copper to the zinc in the them now in the same circuit, in opposition toeach other—that is, join the two zinc poles and connectthe other two with the wires of a galvanometer (Fig. 11);the needle will be seen to deflect in the same directionas if the voltaic cell were acting alone, although thedeflection is less. We have a right to conclude fromthis that the first cell has a greater electro-motive forcethan the second, and that the substitution of iron forzinc
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