The physical geography of New York state . FIG. 65. A part of the New Jersey moraine showing (by shading) numerous kettle ponds (Salisbury). Indeed, many moraines in hilly districts have not yet beendetected because of this very fact. Next in importance to the hummocks are the valleys,which are often true basins called kettle holes. In plact-sthese are so prominent that the moraine has been calleda kettle In these basins there is often no water, Sec Fig. 41, where a very pronounced moraine, occupying nearly the entirevalley south of Lake Cayuua. is masked )>y the general topograph
The physical geography of New York state . FIG. 65. A part of the New Jersey moraine showing (by shading) numerous kettle ponds (Salisbury). Indeed, many moraines in hilly districts have not yet beendetected because of this very fact. Next in importance to the hummocks are the valleys,which are often true basins called kettle holes. In plact-sthese are so prominent that the moraine has been calleda kettle In these basins there is often no water, Sec Fig. 41, where a very pronounced moraine, occupying nearly the entirevalley south of Lake Cayuua. is masked )>y the general topographicChamberlin, Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. IV. 1870-77, LOl. 122 The Physical Geography of New York State. FIG. 66. The bouldery Cape Ann (Massachusetts) moraine (photograph by J. L. Gardner, 2nd). because the bottom is too porous and the water supply tooslight, coming merely from the rim of the tiny basin; butwhere the drainage area is larger, or the bed more im-pervious, a kettle is often transformed to a pond or , in some places there are so many that the moraineis literally dotted with tiny morainic ponds (Fig. 65). Thedepth of these kettles varies greatly, some mentioned byKoons being 50-90 feet These basin-like depressionsare sometimes circular or elliptical or irregular, apparentlybeing formed irregularly, as were the hills. Indeed, inmany cases the kettles are merely the spaces where mo-rainic deposits were not made. Structure.— The internal structure of the moraine isalso exceedingly complex. As in the case of the till sheet,it is sometimes almost free from boulders, sometimes ex-ceedingly bouldery. In New York, the moraine is com-monly rather free from large
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1902
