Lessons in practical electricity; principles, experiments, and arithmetical problems, an elementary text-book . te Fig. 94.—Glass tl Tube withi?r0uSe m uthe y tl-be. f0r the, gases to escape. Electrodes Forming anWhen the circuit is completed bubbles of Electrolytic Cell, gas immediately rise from both platinum plates, more, however, from the platinum plate connected with thenegative pole of the battery. The gases may be collected separatelyby the forms of apparatus shown in Figs. 99 and 100, or collectedtogether in one tube in the form of voltameter shown in Fig. 97. During this electro-chemi
Lessons in practical electricity; principles, experiments, and arithmetical problems, an elementary text-book . te Fig. 94.—Glass tl Tube withi?r0uSe m uthe y tl-be. f0r the, gases to escape. Electrodes Forming anWhen the circuit is completed bubbles of Electrolytic Cell, gas immediately rise from both platinum plates, more, however, from the platinum plate connected with thenegative pole of the battery. The gases may be collected separatelyby the forms of apparatus shown in Figs. 99 and 100, or collectedtogether in one tube in the form of voltameter shown in Fig. 97. During this electro-chemical action the current decomposesthe water, liberating hydrogen gas at the negative batterypole, and oxygen gas at the positive battery pole. Twice asmuch hydrogen as oxygen gas is liberated. Water is com-posed of these two gases, hydrogen and oxygen, in the pro-portion of two parts of hydrogen to one of oxygen (or H20)and the current breaks up the water into its constituent parts,Fig. 97. If brass or copper plates are used, the positive platewill be attacked by the action, and no oxygen will be 80 PRACTICAL ELECTRICITY. Exp. 19 : Reverse the direction of the current through the solution,by changing the battery terminals, and note that the hydrogen andoxygen gases are now liberated on the opposite electrodes from , which is another reason for supposing that the current has direc-tion ; the opposite deflections of the magnetic needle being a formerproof. 100. Electrolysis.—A large number of chemical com-pounds in a state of fusion, or dissolved in certain solventscan, like the acidulated water, be separated into their con-stituent parts by the passage of an electric current throughthem. Any substance that is capable of being decomposedby an electric current is called an electrolyte (as in a Voltacell) and the process is termed electrolysis (meaning loosen-ing by electricity). Plates of carbon, lead, platinum orother metals are used to conduct the current to a
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