. Beginners' Zoology . Grass is veryslow of digestion, and the ungulates have an alimentarycanal twenty to thirty times the length of the chewing is necessary for such coarse food, andthe ungulates which chew the cud (ruminants) are able,by leisurely and thorough chewing, to make the best useof the woody fibre (cellulose) which is the chief substancein their food. Ruminants have four divisions to the stomach. Theirfood is first swallowed into the roomy patincJi in which,as in the crop of a bird, the bulky food is temporarilystored. It is not digested at all in the paunch, but aft
. Beginners' Zoology . Grass is veryslow of digestion, and the ungulates have an alimentarycanal twenty to thirty times the length of the chewing is necessary for such coarse food, andthe ungulates which chew the cud (ruminants) are able,by leisurely and thorough chewing, to make the best useof the woody fibre (cellulose) which is the chief substancein their food. Ruminants have four divisions to the stomach. Theirfood is first swallowed into the roomy patincJi in which,as in the crop of a bird, the bulky food is temporarilystored. It is not digested at all in the paunch, but afterbeing moistened, portions of it pass successively into thehoneycomb, which forms it into balls to be belched up andground by the large molars as the animal lies with eyeshalf closed under the shade of a tree. It is then swai- 214 BEGINNERS ZOOLOGY lowed a second time and is acted upon in the third divi-sion (or manyplies) and the fourth division (or reed). Next. _B7. — Food tracedthrough stomachs ofcow. (Follow arrows.) Fig. 3S8. — Section of cows each. (See text.) it passes into the intestine. Why is the paunch the In the figure do you recognize the paunchby its size t The honeycomb by its lining } Why is it round. The last twoof the four divisionsmay be known by theirdirect connection withthe intestine. The true gastric juiceis secreted only in thefourth stomach. Sincethe cud or unchewedfood is belched up inballs from the round honeycomb, and sincea ball of hair is some-times found in the stom-ach of ruminants, someignorant people make the absurd mistake of calling theball of hair the cud. This ball accumulates in the paunch
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