. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. Fig. 1. Atlas and occiput of Bufo spinulosus ( left) compared with atlas and occiput of Pseudis paradoxus (right). (Phrynomcrus). In other Leptodactylidae (Batrachophrynus, Telmatobius, Ceratophrys, Calyptocephala), Pelobatidae($cap/w- opus), Pelodytidae (Pclodytes), some Ranidae (Astylosternus, Rana) and Bufonidae (Bufo), there are no lateral prominences; instead the median portion of the articular surface is convex ( "odontoid process" present) and the occipital condyles are closer to each other. This
. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. Fig. 1. Atlas and occiput of Bufo spinulosus ( left) compared with atlas and occiput of Pseudis paradoxus (right). (Phrynomcrus). In other Leptodactylidae (Batrachophrynus, Telmatobius, Ceratophrys, Calyptocephala), Pelobatidae($cap/w- opus), Pelodytidae (Pclodytes), some Ranidae (Astylosternus, Rana) and Bufonidae (Bufo), there are no lateral prominences; instead the median portion of the articular surface is convex ( "odontoid process" present) and the occipital condyles are closer to each other. This characteristic of the Pseudis atlas makes it inadvisable to group Batrachophrynus, Telmatobius, Ceratophrys and Calyptocephala with Pseudis in a subfamily Pseudinae as Noble suggested. In addition, however, the presence of an acces- sory phalanx in all digits excludes from the Pseudinae not only the genera just mentioned but also other genera such as Eleu- therodactylus which Noble also wished to place in the subfamily, and which do show the Pseudis type of atlas.] Transverse processes of the vertebrae, including the second and sacral, ap- proximately cylindrical; at the proximal end of the urostyle there is a neural arch as in a 10th vertebra (cf. some skeletons of Batrachophrynus macrostemum) • close to this there is a 10th pair of the calcarean sacs. Pectoral girdle arciferal, omosternum plus a xiphisternum as a short, notched, cartilaginous plate. Terminal phalanges long, reaching the tips of the digits, discs not Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Harvard University. Museum of Comparative Zoology. Cambridge, Mass. : The Museum
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