. The elasmobranch fishes . Fig. 94. Interareuales muscles, Heptanchii-'i maculatus. (From Davidson.) eh}''', first to seventh epibrancliial cartilages; }'^, first to fifth dorsal interareuales; }''^, first to sixth lateral interareuales; ph}~^, first to sixth pharyngo- branchial cartilages; , subspinalis muscle. The last group of muscles to be considered in the region of the pharynx is com- posed of the hy]:)ol)ranchial or ventral longitudinal muscles. These are forward continuations of the ventral body musculature, the segmental nature of which is seen in a series of myosepta in

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. The elasmobranch fishes . Fig. 94. Interareuales muscles, Heptanchii-'i maculatus. (From Davidson.) eh}''', first to seventh epibrancliial cartilages; }'^, first to fifth dorsal interareuales; }''^, first to sixth lateral interareuales; ph}~^, first to sixth pharyngo- branchial cartilages; , subspinalis muscle. The last group of muscles to be considered in the region of the pharynx is com- posed of the hy]:)ol)ranchial or ventral longitudinal muscles. These are forward continuations of the ventral body musculature, the segmental nature of which is seen in a series of myosepta in the coracoarcuales {car., fig. 95). The arcuales communes take origin from the coracoid cartilage and are inserted on the heavy connective tissue which forms the floor of the pericardial cavity. The coracomandibularis () arises from fascia above and between the anterior projection of the arcuales and passes forward as a large band to be

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