. A manual of botany. Botany. Fig. 183. A portion of a branch of the BarbeiTy (Berberis vulgaris)^ bearing spiny leaves. The upper leaf is composed entirely of hardened veins without any parenchyma between them. Fig. 184. A portion of a branch of the Gooseberry (Rihes Grossularia). f. Spiny stipules, c. Spine re- placing leaf. readily distinguished from the thorns already described, which are modified branches, because in the latter case they always arise from the axil of the leaf, instead of from the leaf itself. Spines may be readily distinguished from prickles by their internal structure. T
. A manual of botany. Botany. Fig. 183. A portion of a branch of the BarbeiTy (Berberis vulgaris)^ bearing spiny leaves. The upper leaf is composed entirely of hardened veins without any parenchyma between them. Fig. 184. A portion of a branch of the Gooseberry (Rihes Grossularia). f. Spiny stipules, c. Spine re- placing leaf. readily distinguished from the thorns already described, which are modified branches, because in the latter case they always arise from the axil of the leaf, instead of from the leaf itself. Spines may be readily distinguished from prickles by their internal structure. The whole epipodium may assume a spiny character, as in some species of Astragalus, or (fig. 184, c) as in the Gooseberry. The stipules sometimes become trans- formed into spines, as in Eobinia Pseud-acacia (fig. 93). Leaf-tendrils.—Any part of the leaf may also become cirrhose or transformed into a, tendril. 1st, The midrib of the blade of a simple leaf may project beyond the apex, and form a tendril, as in Qloriosa superha; or some of the leaflets of a compound leaf may become transformed into branched tendrils. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Green, J. Reynolds (Joseph Reynolds), 1848-1914. London, J. & A. Churchill
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