The manufacture of rubber goods : a practical handbook for the use of manufacturers, chemists, and others . For this reason the supervision of thewashing department is one of the most important duties in thefactory. Tlie purification is carried out in the following manner:—The crude rubber is first put into the vessel shown in fig. 6, anddescribed in the section on the washing shop, where it is softenedby hot water and then rinsed. The crude material as it reaches the 24 RUBBER MANUFACTURE. manufacturer is not in a suitable condition to be put straight throughthe washing rolls, partly because
The manufacture of rubber goods : a practical handbook for the use of manufacturers, chemists, and others . For this reason the supervision of thewashing department is one of the most important duties in thefactory. Tlie purification is carried out in the following manner:—The crude rubber is first put into the vessel shown in fig. 6, anddescribed in the section on the washing shop, where it is softenedby hot water and then rinsed. The crude material as it reaches the 24 RUBBER MANUFACTURE. manufacturer is not in a suitable condition to be put straight throughthe washing rolls, partly because it is too hard, and partly becausethe separate pieces are too large. It is, however, not advisable tosoften the rubber unduly by too prolonged a heating, as this wouldresult in loss of nerve in the rubber, and would cause it to becomesticky. Similarly it would be a great mistake to leave the rubber,once it has been softened, to lie about and get dry, since it is thenvery susceptible to oxidation, especially if the latex happened to con-tain much protein substance when coagulated. Generally Fig. 6. heating for from three to five hours is sufficient to soften the rubber;after this the surface is rinsed with water, to remove impuritiesadhering to the lumps of rubber. If the lumps are not too large they are now at once takento the preliminary washing rolls (crushing rolls), whereas thelarger pieces are first cut up on a hand-driven cutting machinewith circular knives, worked by means of crank-handles, beforebeing put through the crushing rolls (figs. 7 and 8). The cuttingmachine referred to is of quite a new type, and is to be distinctlypreferred to the circular saw. At this stage the actual mechanical washing of the raw rubber is begun. The material is brought onto the washing rolls, a detailed description of which will be givenin the next section, At present it need only be said that the THE RAW MATERIAL. 25 crushing rolls break up the rubber into small pieces; durin
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