Statistical gazetteer of the state of Virginia, embracing important topographical and historical information from recent and original sources, together with the results of the last census population, in most cases, to 1854 . down the grade with locked wheels, anaccident which could not happen on the Board Tree Tunnel , although the total height of the hill at the latter place isthree hundred feet, being eighty feet more than at the other, theuse of the switches has permitted the reduction of the grades so asto double the loads carried, and diminish the risk correspondingly. The cro
Statistical gazetteer of the state of Virginia, embracing important topographical and historical information from recent and original sources, together with the results of the last census population, in most cases, to 1854 . down the grade with locked wheels, anaccident which could not happen on the Board Tree Tunnel , although the total height of the hill at the latter place isthree hundred feet, being eighty feet more than at the other, theuse of the switches has permitted the reduction of the grades so asto double the loads carried, and diminish the risk correspondingly. The crossing of this ridge, in the manner described, is a greatachievement in engineering science. It was made necessary by thedelay^in the completion of the tunnel, occasioned by sundry causesbeyond control, and has thus been the means of illustrating a modeof surmounting ridges, which has been heretofore employed, butnever under circumstances such as the present. The sight of somany locomotives toiling up the hill, one after another, upon the dif- =11 452 NEW YORK SUBSCRIBERS. A. W. G-AY & CO. MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN WARNERS PATENT SUCTION, FORCING AND ANThFREEZING GARDES m FIRE EMIS, SUCTION PIPE, BOSE, & 1^ This is the most SIMPLE, DURABLE, POWERFULand CHEAPEST PUMP in use, either for Wells, Factories,Steamboats, Vessels, Mines, &c. &c. It has taken the First Pre-mium Twice at the New York State Agricultural Fair ; Twiceat the American Institute Fairs; at the Franklin Institute, Penn-sylvania ; the Maryland Institute at Baltimore, and innumera-ble others. JI@°See next page for Recommendations. GAZETTEER OF VIRGINIA. 453 ferent levels, was novel and exciting in a high degree, and not theless so from the darkness of the night, (on the opening trip 11thJanuary, 1853,) which made their changing position visible only, bythe clouds of fire and steam which marked their tracks. The pas-sage over the tunnel by daylight is equally interesting. Leaving Board Tree Tunnel, the line de
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