Animal products; . theprimitive races of France have been lost, and their characteristicsare scarcely to be distinguished. These characters would be (heobserves) more specially marked, and the differences be moresensible, if the races of each climate were kept separate, andunchanged by inter-breeding. MILITARY DEMANDS FOR HORSES. 317 In France, including Algeria, the number of horses was, by thelatest returns, 3,630,000. When the peace establishment of the army required 70,000saddle horses, France had to import annually from 6,000 to7,000 ; that establishment is now raised to 90,000. To pass f
Animal products; . theprimitive races of France have been lost, and their characteristicsare scarcely to be distinguished. These characters would be (heobserves) more specially marked, and the differences be moresensible, if the races of each climate were kept separate, andunchanged by inter-breeding. MILITARY DEMANDS FOR HORSES. 317 In France, including Algeria, the number of horses was, by thelatest returns, 3,630,000. When the peace establishment of the army required 70,000saddle horses, France had to import annually from 6,000 to7,000 ; that establishment is now raised to 90,000. To pass froma peace to a war footing under the new military law demands176,000 horses, and a large proportion of them of superior qualityto what was formerly considered serviceable. There were in 1874107,000 horses in the army, and gendarmerie, and republicanguard. The movements of field artillery are now so much accele-rated that many of the draught horses of that arm must comefrom the same class as those for the Great Britain requires about 40,000 horses for her militaryservice, and 5,000 for her Irish mounted police. In Germany, for military purposes, 97,000 horses are requiredon the peace footing, and on a war footing 233,500 for fieldtroops, 30,500 for depot troops, and 37,000 for garrison cavalry requires about 70,000. Having glanced at the value of the horse when living, let usnow consider its commercial products after death. Of late years,owing to the high price of butchers meat on the Continent, therehas been a large consumption of horse-flesh for human food. 3i8 HORSE HIDES. After this noble animal has worn out all its powerful energies inserving man, it leaves him a carcase from which much can beutilised for manufactures and industry.* Horse Hides are valuable when tanned, and considerablenumbers are obtained in Russia and the River Plate States. Ithas already been stated at page 155 that 1,000,000 horse hides aretanned annually in Russia. The Mongols a
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