. Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society . espice is given than in Adams Commentary on Paulus ^ilgineta from whichit appears that cloves were known in China, 206, and in France in the8th century. Cloves were among the wares on which duty was levied atAeon (Acre), in Palestine, at the end of the 12th century, at which periodthat city was a great Emporium of Mediterranean trade. They werelikewise enumerated in the tariff of JIarseilles, in 1228 ; in that of Barcelona,in 1252 ; and of Paris, in 1296. We may, therefore, fairly conclude that, 50 Transactions at
. Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society . espice is given than in Adams Commentary on Paulus ^ilgineta from whichit appears that cloves were known in China, 206, and in France in the8th century. Cloves were among the wares on which duty was levied atAeon (Acre), in Palestine, at the end of the 12th century, at which periodthat city was a great Emporium of Mediterranean trade. They werelikewise enumerated in the tariff of JIarseilles, in 1228 ; in that of Barcelona,in 1252 ; and of Paris, in 1296. We may, therefore, fairly conclude that, 50 Transactions at Beistol. among the muniments, at Elmore is the original, with the seal, inwhite wax, attached. The seal is much broken at the edges, other-wise it is in ftiir condition. On the obverse it bears the figure of amounted knight,brandishing his sword,his .shield, and the mantliugsof his horse being charged with the arms of de Bui-gh : lozengy,gules and vair. A portion of the legend is broken away (See en-graving (tig. 11), vihich is of the full size). On the reverse side are. , . (Fig- 11) being a common article of commerce, they wore well known in Englandin 1274, the date of our Charter. Then as to their value : The HouseholdBook of the Oouutess of Leicester (1265) gives its price as 10s. to 12s. perlb., being exactly the same as that of Saffron (Manners and HouseholdExpenses in England, Roxburgh Club, 1841, Lii). The name Clove is saidby some to be a corruption of the French word clou, a nail, from the resem-blance of the dried clove to a nail, or claims, and since the above note hasbeen in type a curious confirmation of the interpretation there given ofmill III claviim gariophill ha,s cropped up in the Will of John Turke, sen.,of Romford, in Essex, dated 20th August, 1474, and just printed (12th April,187!)) in Notes and Queries. Testator devises a certain field to his son,John Turke, To have and to hold ye said felde of lond called ten acris toyc seyde John Turke, my sonne, to h
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