. Railroad structures and estimates . $ 3X4 45 12 4X4 60 12 4X5 75 19 5X5 75 19 5X6 90 27 Excavating and refilling extra. RAIL CONCRETE CULVERTS. 145 Rail Concrete Culverts. — For permanent structures wherethere is insufficient head-room for culvert pipes or concrete archculverts, rail concrete culverts are used. Figs. 43, 44, 45 and 46. The spans given are
. Railroad structures and estimates . $ 3X4 45 12 4X4 60 12 4X5 75 19 5X5 75 19 5X6 90 27 Excavating and refilling extra. RAIL CONCRETE CULVERTS. 145 Rail Concrete Culverts. — For permanent structures wherethere is insufficient head-room for culvert pipes or concrete archculverts, rail concrete culverts are used. Figs. 43, 44, 45 and 46. The spans given are from 4 to 10 feet, the arrangement con-sisting of concrete retaining walls, sloped with the bank, withconcrete reinforced floor over, 10 to 12 inches thick, the rein-forcement being old rails embedded in the concrete at about 12-inch centers. The floor is paved with field stones, and the endsof walls rip-rapped when necessary, or concrete is used for floorand end walls, either plain or reinforced. SINGLE RAIL CONCRETE CULVERTS l^HA.
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