A text-book of physiology for medical students and physicians . is portion of the carbondioxid is designated in this connection as the fixed carbon dioxid. The principle of the gas pump may be explained most easily by describingthe simple form devised by Grehant. The essential parts of this pump are * Taken from Bergey, The Principles of Hygiene, 1904. CHANGES IN AIR AND BLOOD IN RESPIRATION. 663 represented in Fig. 273. The mercury pump consists of two bulbs, one mov-able (M), the other fixed (F). M may be raised and lowered by the windlass(P). Above F, there is a three-way stopcock (to) by m


A text-book of physiology for medical students and physicians . is portion of the carbondioxid is designated in this connection as the fixed carbon dioxid. The principle of the gas pump may be explained most easily by describingthe simple form devised by Grehant. The essential parts of this pump are * Taken from Bergey, The Principles of Hygiene, 1904. CHANGES IN AIR AND BLOOD IN RESPIRATION. 663 represented in Fig. 273. The mercury pump consists of two bulbs, one mov-able (M), the other fixed (F). M may be raised and lowered by the windlass(P). Above F, there is a three-way stopcock (to) by means of which thechamber F may be put into communication with the outside air by way of C,or with the bulb B, which is to contain the blood, or may be shut off com-pletely. If M is raised so as to fill F entirely, and the stopcock to is shut off,then on lowering M the mercury will flow into it, leaving a perfect vacuumin F, since the distance between F and M is greater than the barometricheight. If the stopcock to is turned so as to throw F into communication. Fig. 273.—Gas pump for extracting the gases of blood (Grehant): M and F,The mercury receivers; P, the windlass for raising and lowering M; m, a three-waystopcock protected by a seal of mercury or water; C, a cup with mercury over whichthe receiving eudiometer is placed to collect the gases; B, the bulb in which, after avacuum is made, the blood is introduced by the graduated syringe, S. By means of thestopcock m the vacuum in F, caused by the fall of the mercury, can be placed in communi-cation with B. After the gases have diffused over into F, M is raised, and when the stop-cock m is properly turned these gases are driven out through C into the receiving operation is repeated until no more gas is given off from B. with B, the chamber of this latter is brought under the influence of the vac-uum and any gases that it may contain will be distributed between B andF. If stopcock to is again turned off and M is rais


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