. Dr. Evans' How to keep well; . theroom must be well lunchrooms must beprovided. Benzin affects women morethan men. Anemic girls shouldnot be allowed to work at tradesin which much benzin isused. To sober the jag nothingis so good as plenty of cold freshair. A glass of milk internallyhelps some. CAISSON DISEASE In some engineering proj-ects to prevent walls from fall-ing or water from flowing in,the workman must work in aircompressed chambers called cais-sons. This is all right for thework but it is hard on theworker. A man entering a com-pression chamber has in hisblood t
. Dr. Evans' How to keep well; . theroom must be well lunchrooms must beprovided. Benzin affects women morethan men. Anemic girls shouldnot be allowed to work at tradesin which much benzin isused. To sober the jag nothingis so good as plenty of cold freshair. A glass of milk internallyhelps some. CAISSON DISEASE In some engineering proj-ects to prevent walls from fall-ing or water from flowing in,the workman must work in aircompressed chambers called cais-sons. This is all right for thework but it is hard on theworker. A man entering a com-pression chamber has in hisblood the amount of gas properwhen the atmospheric pressureis normal. Compressed air drives into his blood an excessive amount ofgas. This does no harm so long as the pressure is kept up but when theman gets out of the high pressure air the extra gas tries to get out of hisblood. It goes out of solution and accumulates in the blood vessels as bubblesof nitrogen gas. Caissons are usually badly ventilated; they are too hot and too humid,. Fig. 371.—Drager Oxygen Apparatus for Usein Mines. (Report of Illinois State Commissionof Occupational Diseases, Jan., 1916.) DUSTY TRADES 903 and for this reason a man in a caisson can only do half a mans work. But the great harm comes when the man goes from the bad air of thecaisson into the good air of the outside. The bad air of the caisson eats intothe employers pocketbook but the attempt of the worker s body to readjustitself rapidly to outside conditions after working in the caisson causes com-pressed air to eat into his life. When the Hudson River tunnels were being dug Moirs air locks were putin and thus the death rate from caisson disease was reduced from 25 per centto 1 per cent. In the New York river tunnels the rate fell to 1/5 of 1 percent. Schroetter recommended that where men work under one and one-halfatmospheres they should work in eight-hour shifts and after work they shouldpass through the decompression chamber in less than fiftee
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