. Bulletin. Ethnology. 806 MAKICOPA [b. a. e. Maricopa being their Pima name. Emory states tliat t hej-have moved grad- ually from the Ciulf of California to their present location in juxtaposition with the Pima, Carson having fonntl them, as late as 1826, at the mouth of the Gila. They joined the Pima, whose language they do not understand, for mutual jn'otection. MARICOPA WOMAN, against their kindred, but enemies, tne Yuma, and the two have ever since live<l peaceably together. In 1775 the Mari- copa and the Yuma were at war, and as late as 1857 the latter, with some Mohave and Yavapai, a
. Bulletin. Ethnology. 806 MAKICOPA [b. a. e. Maricopa being their Pima name. Emory states tliat t hej-have moved grad- ually from the Ciulf of California to their present location in juxtaposition with the Pima, Carson having fonntl them, as late as 1826, at the mouth of the Gila. They joined the Pima, whose language they do not understand, for mutual jn'otection. MARICOPA WOMAN, against their kindred, but enemies, tne Yuma, and the two have ever since live<l peaceably together. In 1775 the Mari- copa and the Yuma were at war, and as late as 1857 the latter, with some Mohave and Yavapai, attacked the Maricopa near Maricopa Wells, s. Ariz., but with the aid of the Pima the Maricopa routed the Yuma and their allies, 90 of the 93 Yuma warriors being killed. After this disaster the Yuma never ventured so far up the Gila. Heintzelman states, probably cor- rectly, that the Maricopa are a branch of the Cuchan (Yuma proper), from whom they separated on the occasion of an elec- tion of chiefs (H. R. Ex. Doc. 76, 34th Cong., 1857). Like the Pima, the Mari- copa are agriculturists, and in habits and customs are generally similar to them. Venegas (Hist. Cal., ii, 182,185,192,1759) states that about 6,000 Pima and Coco- maricopa lived on Gila r. in 1742, and that they extended also to the Salado and the Verde; they are also said to have had some rancherias on the w. side of Colo- rado r., in a valley 36 leagues long. Garces estimated the population at 3,000 in 1775. There were only 350 under the Pima school superintendent, Arizona, in 1905. By act of Feb. 28, 1859, a reservation was set apart for the Maricopa and the Pima on Gila r., Ariz.; this was enlarged by Executive order of Aug. 31, 1876; re- voked and other lands set apart by Execu- tive order of June 14, 1879; enlarged by Executive orders of May 5, 1882, and Nov. 15,1883. No treaty was^ever made with them. The following rancherias and other set- tlements at different periods are judged, from their situation, to have
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