. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. TRIAL 17 «1* TRIAL 26 CS US B cs us TRIAL 1. TRIAL 7 TRIAL 9 TRIAL 13 TRIAL 25 CS US Figure 1. Electromyographic record of classical conditioning. EMGs were recorded from muscle 19a of the eye to be conditioned. A. Results for a typical animal with a freely moving eye. B. Results while the eye is physically restrained. Large amplitude spikes are due to activity of the fast phasic motor neuron of the optic nerve. Slow tonic activity evident in traces in panel A are due to a neuron of the oculomotor nerve which more sparsely i
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. TRIAL 17 «1* TRIAL 26 CS US B cs us TRIAL 1. TRIAL 7 TRIAL 9 TRIAL 13 TRIAL 25 CS US Figure 1. Electromyographic record of classical conditioning. EMGs were recorded from muscle 19a of the eye to be conditioned. A. Results for a typical animal with a freely moving eye. B. Results while the eye is physically restrained. Large amplitude spikes are due to activity of the fast phasic motor neuron of the optic nerve. Slow tonic activity evident in traces in panel A are due to a neuron of the oculomotor nerve which more sparsely innervates 19a and whose activity correlates with maintenance of the retracted state. The CS duration is 1 s. The vertical bar corresponds to 200 ,uV except in TRIAL 1 of panel B where it represents 100 ^V. Animals were trained with paired presentation ofCSand US (top and bottom traces). Animals in panel B had the eye temporarily immobilized with a rubber band. age responses for each five-trial block were plotted (first panel of Fig. 2). The behavior of the two sets of animals, with and without EMG wires, is manifestly similar: the paired animals of each group showed an increase in the probability to respond reaching a plateau probability of 50-60%, whereas the corresponding unpaired groups showed a much lower tendency to respond (see below for statistical comparison). Thus, learning is fundamentally the same in animals with and without EMG electrodes; for qualitative comparisons to animals with restrained eyes, these two groups were pooled and considered as a population of eight animals trained with freely moving eyes. However, there were some differences. First, Figure 2 shows that the EMG animals were sensitized, as indi- cated by their higher probability to respond at the outset of training (first 5-trial block). The mean probability of response for EMG animals in this period was (SD ) compared to (SD ) for unoperated ani- mals. A second difference is the
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
