. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. 314 WARMING AND VENTILATION. ter, and terminate in the movable copper water-basin =5, which form siphon'traps and prevent the rising of the gas. from the well. All the ventilating-pipes from the seats are 4 inches by IC inches inside. They ter- minate in a large vertical collecting-pipe, about 10 square feet in sectional area, serv- ing as a ventilatiug-chimney, in which are placed vertical hot-water pipes, which in winter produce
. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. 314 WARMING AND VENTILATION. ter, and terminate in the movable copper water-basin =5, which form siphon'traps and prevent the rising of the gas. from the well. All the ventilating-pipes from the seats are 4 inches by IC inches inside. They ter- minate in a large vertical collecting-pipe, about 10 square feet in sectional area, serv- ing as a ventilatiug-chimney, in which are placed vertical hot-water pipes, which in winter produce a general draught. In sum- mer, when the heating is interrupted, the draught is produced by gas-burners kept burning in each closet. Veutilation by means of hot-water circu- lation can evidently be kept up in summer by means of a separate fire for this special purpose, which would be more economical than the use of gas. The result of experiments made in February, 18G3, was that the amount of air removed for each seat under the action of the draught, pro- duced simply by an excess of 7° to 13^ of temperature in the chimney over that of the external air, was more than 2,200 cubic feet an hour. Although much greater than is generally necessary, this amount would not seem excessive in similar cases where, in addition to the seats, uri- nals, often imperfectly rinsed, are used. 111. Arrangement adopted at Lariboislere Hospital, {Fig. 32.)—In this establishment, the closets on each floor contain three seats, with bowls,. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Smithsonian Institution. Board of Regents; United States National Museum. Report of the U. S. National Museum; Smithsonian Institution. Report of the Secretary. Washington : Smithsonian Institution
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