Science . and the letter orspecification of the vector placed near thebarb and (when necessary for clearness) onthe same side of the shaft with the barb andstep-over. Where several vectors coincide theline may be thickened. Eight angles should be indicated by an arcjoining the line. Other angles marked. 150 SCIENCE [N. S. Vol. XXVI. No. 657 When two coincident vectors, have not thesame origin, both the but and barb of onevector must be stepped over, as in Fig. letter refers to the whole vector betweenthe next but and the nest barb in order, oneither side of it. Thus in Fig. 2, r and rco
Science . and the letter orspecification of the vector placed near thebarb and (when necessary for clearness) onthe same side of the shaft with the barb andstep-over. Where several vectors coincide theline may be thickened. Eight angles should be indicated by an arcjoining the line. Other angles marked. 150 SCIENCE [N. S. Vol. XXVI. No. 657 When two coincident vectors, have not thesame origin, both the but and barb of onevector must be stepped over, as in Fig. letter refers to the whole vector betweenthe next but and the nest barb in order, oneither side of it. Thus in Fig. 2, r and rcoincide in r. When one collinear vector begins whereanother ends the case is still definite, if the shows the following qualities without am-bi^ity. The axes of coordinates, x, y, z. The axes of elasticity a, h, and c, each withits three directions. The two wave normals or velocities Wj andw, and their direction cosines, Z, m, n. The two wave fronts, wf^ and wfj. The two vectors of the wave surface, or the. barb and step-over be on the same side of thespecification, as stated. Thus in Fig. 3,/ ^ r ?+ • Complications, however, shouldbe avoided. As an example of this method. Fig. 4 showsthe case of the Fresnellian wave surface withtwo nappes, together with the reciprocal wavesurface also with two nappes. The figure rays r^ and r„, and their direction cosines, ?/,m/, n/, and Z/, m/, n/. The two intersection curves of the wavesurfaces ws-^ and ivs„ The two displacem_ent vectors p^ and Pj andtheir directions, which are the projections ofjj and r, on the respective wave fronts wf^and wfj. August 2, 1907] SCIENCE 151 The two force vectors q^ and g„, with theirdirection cosines, Aj, im, yj, and A,, /j.^ y,. The two intersection curves rws^ and rws^with the reciprocal wave surface. The two reciprocal wave fronts rivf^ andrwf,. The two reciprocal wave normals or recip-rocal velocities, w/, w/, and their directioncosines, Z/, m/, n/ and ?,, m,, n„. The two vectors ;•/ and r/ of
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