. The street railway review . ace to be heated iscomparatively large, a small boiler can be successfulyemployed, distributing the heat through pipes, by eithersteam or hot water, but preferably the latter. The rela-tively small size of the car, however, permits the use ofstoves or heat storage systems, and these, consequently,have been largely resorted to. There are two forms of electric heaters by which anequable distribution of heat can be effected. First:By radiation from a heated surface in which convectioncurrents enter to some degree. Second: By direct airheaters or registers in which li
. The street railway review . ace to be heated iscomparatively large, a small boiler can be successfulyemployed, distributing the heat through pipes, by eithersteam or hot water, but preferably the latter. The rela-tively small size of the car, however, permits the use ofstoves or heat storage systems, and these, consequently,have been largely resorted to. There are two forms of electric heaters by which anequable distribution of heat can be effected. First:By radiation from a heated surface in which convectioncurrents enter to some degree. Second: By direct airheaters or registers in which little or no radiating sur-face is offered, the hot air arising from the heater andsetting up air currents which circulate about and thusdistribute the heat. The forms of electric car heaters so far proposed areheaters by simple resistance, so that the form of heaterto be chosen is dependent upon its durability, first costand manner of distributing heat throughout the car. Dur-ing the past winter the opportunity was again taken. IIKAIKK ADAPTED lu LRUS> M-A 1 CAR ness. This value does not apply to extreme northernlatitudes and is a representative value for the southernNew England and central states. The value for thenorthern latitudes can be computed from the foregoingfigures by comparing the weather extremes in the twocases. Carrying out the value given in the preceding para-graph, we find that in a twenty foot car in latitudes stated,3,000 watt hours, or 4 hours, suflicieat to&Uow. for weather extremes; and the average runningvalue will be detewnined by the severity of the season,exposuj-e to winds, average running speeds and what maybe generally termed local conditions. The practicalappUcation -of heating in cars is substantially the sameproblem as offered in conservatory heating, with the dis-advantages of the car in motion and many loose fittingwindows and doors, and the advantage of a considerablydecreased proportionate glass area. In practice, no com-petent
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Keywords: ., book, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectstreetrailroads
