. China Ecosystem Services and Poverty Alleviation Situation Analysis and Research Strategy - Final Report to the ESPA Programme. ESPA China Consortium, CAAS, Beijing, China. Figure The distribution of wheat production in China (Source: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning. CAAS; drawn according to The theory and practise of agricultural regionalization of China, 1993; Western China, has a lower gross and per area unit output of grain in comparison to China as a whole, accounting for only 27% of the grain output (MAWEC, 2005). The southwestern region has favourable cl
. China Ecosystem Services and Poverty Alleviation Situation Analysis and Research Strategy - Final Report to the ESPA Programme. ESPA China Consortium, CAAS, Beijing, China. Figure The distribution of wheat production in China (Source: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning. CAAS; drawn according to The theory and practise of agricultural regionalization of China, 1993; Western China, has a lower gross and per area unit output of grain in comparison to China as a whole, accounting for only 27% of the grain output (MAWEC, 2005). The southwestern region has favourable climatic conditions and sufficient water resources for farmlands, resulting in much higher yield of grains than that of northwestern China. The modelled food provisioning capability of the major terrestrial ecosystems in western China is shown in Figure Figure Modelled ecosystem food provisioning services in the western region of China and the distribution of poverty counties (left map: farmland ecosystem (t/km2); middle map: grassland ecosystem (kg mutton/km2); right map: water ecosystem (kg fish/km2)) (Source: MAWEC, 2005) Fibre crops China's share in global production in the year 2000 was approximately (MA, 2005), and the yield of over one ton per hectare was significantly higher than the global average. In China, an estimated 50 million families grow cotton, and cotton therefore competes with food crops for available land, water, time, and energy (MA, 2005). Xinjiang province in western China is a major cotton supplier (MAWEC. 2005). Regulating services Regulating ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from the regulation of ecosystem processes, including, for example, the regulation of climate, water flows and purification, and the occurrence of some human diseases. Historical land use policies have often managed the major ecosystems of China without consideration for their regulating ecosystem services. However, this has now changed dramatically
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