. Bergen's botany : key and flora : Northern and Central States Plants; Plants. 150 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY § 1. Stemless perennials. 1. V. pedata, L. Bird-foot Violet, Horseshoe Violet, Sand Violet. Rootstock stout, upright, not scaly. Leaves all palmately 5-9-parted into linear or linear-lanceolate divisions. Flowers showy, about 1 in. broad, pale violet to whitish; petals not bearded. 2. V. palmata, L. Common Blue Violet. Rootstock stout and scaly. Earlier leaves roundish heart-shaped or kidney-form and cre- nate, with the sides rolled in at the base when young. The later ones variously
. Bergen's botany : key and flora : Northern and Central States Plants; Plants. 150 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY § 1. Stemless perennials. 1. V. pedata, L. Bird-foot Violet, Horseshoe Violet, Sand Violet. Rootstock stout, upright, not scaly. Leaves all palmately 5-9-parted into linear or linear-lanceolate divisions. Flowers showy, about 1 in. broad, pale violet to whitish; petals not bearded. 2. V. palmata, L. Common Blue Violet. Rootstock stout and scaly. Earlier leaves roundish heart-shaped or kidney-form and cre- nate, with the sides rolled in at the base when young. The later ones variously cleft or parted. Flowers dark or light blue, some- times whitish; the lateral petals bearded. Variety cucullata, Gray. Common Blue Violet, Hood-leaf Violet. Later leaves remaining nearly crenate, like the earlier ones, in rich soil becoming very luxuriant. 3. V. sagittata, Ait. Arrow-leaved Violet, Spade-leaf Vio- let. Leaves very variable, ranging in shape from oblong-heart-. A B Fig. 17. — Viola tricolor. A, stamens and pistil; B, pistil with stamens removed ; C, pod split open. shaped to triangular-halberd-shaped, very often with an arrow- shaped base, the earlier ones on short, margined petioles, the later frequently long-petioled. Flow^ers rather large, otherwise much as in the preceding species. Variable and perhaps an aggregate of several distinct species. 4. V. blanda, Willd. Sweet White Violet. Rootstock long, slender, and creeping. Leaves roundish heart-shaped or kidney- shaped. Flowers rather small, whitish, sweet-scented, generally beardless, with the lowermost petal exquisitely veined dark purple lines, In damp or marshy Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bergen, Joseph Y. (Joseph Young), 1851-1917. Boston : Ginn
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