China: The Siege of Lianzhen (3) (Taiping Rebellion, 1850-1864). Handscroll painting, 1850s. The Taiping Rebellion was a widespread civil war in southern China from 1850 to 1864, led by heterodox Christian convert Hong Xiuquan, who, having received visions, maintained that he was the younger brother of Jesus Christ, against the ruling Manchu-led Qing Dynasty. About 20 million people died, mainly civilians, in one of the deadliest military conflicts in history. Hong established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with its capital at Nanjing.

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Photo credit: © Pictures From History / Alamy / Afripics
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