. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. THE GRAPE. 401 cane of the two into a smooth, straight trench made for the purpose, about five inches deep. The cane selected should not be less than eight or ten feet long, but so much of the end should be cut off as to leave only strong buds, the re- maining part not being more than six or seven feet long. With short-jointed varieties it should be less in length. It is held in this position by pegs or stones. The object being to obtain a strong shoo
. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. THE GRAPE. 401 cane of the two into a smooth, straight trench made for the purpose, about five inches deep. The cane selected should not be less than eight or ten feet long, but so much of the end should be cut off as to leave only strong buds, the re- maining part not being more than six or seven feet long. With short-jointed varieties it should be less in length. It is held in this position by pegs or stones. The object being to obtain a strong shoot at each eye, the end should not be bent up, which would draw the growth off in that direction. As soon as the new shoots have grown a few inches, the prostrate vines should be slightly covered with earth, which is to be increased as the growth advances. A more perfect way is to. Pig. 545.—Shoots springing from a layered stem. Sprinkle a little compost along the cane and then .fill the trench a few inches with loose damp moss. This will pre- serve a proper humidity and afford sufficient light to the start- ing shoots. After they have become well hardened the moss is removed and mellow soil substituted. The earth, if applied too early, might induce rotting in the young stems. Fig. 545 represents the appearance of this process after the shoots have attained full growth and rooted well at the bottom. Usually about half a dozen plants are a sufficient number to raise from one cane; more will start, but they should be rubbed ofi to give strength to the remainder. When a part outgrow the others, they should be pinched back to equalize the growth. This process is repeated for successive years; but as it tends to exhaust the main plant it is advisable to suspend it occa- sionally for a year if the vigor becomes diminished. These new plants are well rooted before winter; and should be taken up, separated, and packed away as already described. Fig. 546 represents one of these new plan
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